Khrushchev and Brezhnev Government Flashcards
Give 3 similarities of Khrushchev and Brezhnev’s Government
. Both Khrushchev and Brezhnev had a populist approach
. Both condemned religion
Outline evidence for Khrushchev and Brezhnev’s populist approach
They attempted to widen mass participation in the system: Party membership increased from 7 million (1956) 11 million (1964) 17 million by 1980
Why did Khrushchev see it as part of his mission to revive the anti-religious campaign of the 1920s?
To liberate Soviet Society from the last vestiges of religion
When did Khrushchev’s major anti-religious campaign start?
1958
What did Khrushchev’s anti-religious campaign do?
Churched re-opened during and after the second world war were closed
Anti religious propaganda
Anti religious magazine (Science and religion published regularly from 1960)
When did Brezhnev open in 1968 and what did it do?
The Institute of Scientific Atheism
Published articles in newspapers and advised teachers on how to spread atheism in the classroom
Give 3 differences of Khrushchev and Brezhnev’s leadership:
. Extent of hostility towards religion
. Stability of Cadres + Replacement of Party Members
What did Brezhnev advocate for regarding religion
Advocated for spreading the philosophy of atheism rather than attacking religious organisations
Under Brezhnev, how did the Soviet government describe Islam?
‘progressive, anti colonial and revolutionary creed’
What did Khrushchev introduce (replacement)?
Fixed terms for Senior Communists to ensure they were replaced regularly
What happened as a result of fixed terms?
two thirds of regional secretaries and the presidium were replaced between 1957 and 1961
In June 1957 a majority of the presidium (led by Malenkov) voted to replace Khrushchev (increase in opposition)
What was the Stability of Cadres?
The policy discouraged promotions or demotions within government.
The policy ensured support for the new leaders from government officials because it gave them more job security
