keywords - recombinant DNA technology

Question 1

complementary DNA (cDNA)

Answer 1

DNA made from mRNA in a process that is reverse of normal transcription

Question 2

gene marker

Answer 2

section of DNA that is used to indicate the location of a gene or other section of DNA

Question 3

DNA probe

Answer 3

short single stranded length of DNA that has some radioactive or fluorescent label attached that makes it easily identifiable

Question 4

marker gene

Answer 4

second gene on a plasmid that is used to identify whether a gene has been taken up by bacterial cells

Question 5

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer 5

process of making many copies of a specific sequence of DNA or part of a gene. used extensively in gene tech + gene engineering

Question 6

recombinant DNA

Answer 6

combined DNA of two different organisms

Question 7

restriction endonucleases

Answer 7

group of enzymes that cut DNA molecules at specific sequence of bases called a recognition sequence

Question 8

reverse transciptase

Answer 8

an enzyme that catalyses synthesis of cDNA from RNA

Question 9

transformation

Answer 9

reintroduction of plasmids into bacterial cells

Question 10

variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs)

Answer 10

repeating DNA base sequences in non-coding DNA. For every individual number + length VNTRs has a unique pattern