Keywords - gene expresssion

Question 1

acetylation

Answer 1

process by which acetyl group (from acetyl coenzyme A) is added to a histone - removal is deacetylation

Question 2

chromatin

Answer 2

material that makes up chromosomes, consists of DNA and histone proteins

Question 3

epigenetics

Answer 3

where environmental factors cause heritable changes in gene function w/o changing the base sequence of DNA

Question 4

gene mutation

Answer 4

change to one or more nucleotide bases in DNA, resulting in a change in the genotype which may be inherited

Question 5

genome

Answer 5

complete map of all genes on the individual chromosomes of an organism

Question 6

methylation

Answer 6

addition of a methyl group (CH3) to cytosine bases of DNA, which inhibits transcription of genes

Question 7

oncogene

Answer 7

mutation of a proto-oncogene, causing cells to divide too rapidly and out of control

Question 8

proteome

Answer 8

all the proteins produced in a given type of cell or organism at a given time, under specific conditions

Question 9

totipotency

Answer 9

ability of a single cell to divide and differentiate into any type of cell

Question 10

tumour suppressor gene

Answer 10

gene that maintains normal rates of cell division and so prevents development of tumours, repairs DNA mistakes + apoptosis