Keywords - homeostasis

Question 1

Glucagon

Answer 1

hormone produced by alpha cells of islets of Langerhans in pancreas, increases blood glucose levels by initiating breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Question 2

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 2

conversion of non-carbohydrate mols to glucose

Question 3

Glycogenesis

Answer 3

conversion of glucose to glycogen

Question 4

Glycogenolysis

Answer 4

conversion of glycogen to glucose

Question 5

Insulin

Answer 5

hormone produced by beta cells of islets of Langerhans in pancreas, decreases blood glucose levels by increasing rate of conversion of glucose to glycogen (amongst other things)

Question 6

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 6

hormone produced by hypothalamus that passes to posterior pituitary gland from where it is secreted, ADH reduces volume of water in urine by increasing water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 7

Collecting duct

Answer 7

last part of nephron, ADH acts on cells lining the collecting duct to regulate reabsorption of water in osmoregulation

Question 8

Hypothalamus

Answer 8

region of brain adjoining pituitary gland that acts as control centre for autonomic nervous system, regulates body temp and fluid balance

Question 9

Loop of Henle

Answer 9

portion of nephron that forms hairpin loop that extends into medulla of the kidney, has a role in reabsorption of water

Question 10

Nephron

Answer 10

basic functional unit of mammalian kidney responsible for formation of urine

Question 11

Pituitary gland

Answer 11

gland of endocrine system situated at base of the brain, has two parts anterior and posterior, posterior pituitary secretes ADH

Question 12

Proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 12

first portion of nephron after the renal capsule, reabsorption of glucose and water occurs here

Question 13

Renal (Bowman’s) Capsule

Answer 13

cup shaped portion of the start of the nephron that encloses the glomerulus