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Question 1

What is the substantive definition of religion?

Answer 1

This focuses on the content or substance of religious belief. A religion requires there to be a set of beliefs, a belief in God
e.g. Weber-religion involves a belief in a supernatural power that can not be explained scientifically.This definition is exclusive.

Question 2

What is the functional definition of religion?

Answer 2

A set of beliefs are religious if they perform social or psychological functions for its individuals and society
Durkheim-religion must contribute to social integration and creates a collective conscience e.g. football.
This definition is inclusive.

Question 3

What is the constructionist definition of religion?

Answer 3

Interpretivists argue religion is a social construct, not possible to provide a universal definition.
e.g.Aldridge, USA forced Japan to change a key principle of its religion.