Keywords

Question 1

P-value

Answer 1

tells you how likely it is that your results happened by chance
A small p-value (usually less than 0.05) means there’s a small chance that the results are random, so you can be more confident that your findings are real
Sig in SPSS

Question 2

Confidence interval

Answer 2

a range of values that likely includes the true value of whatever you’re measuring

Question 3

Confidence level

Answer 3

tells you how sure you are about your confidence interval

Question 4

Null hypothesis

Answer 4

assumption that there is no effect or no difference in your study i.e. the default position that nothing is happening

Question 5

Alternative hypothesis

Answer 5

opposite of the null hypothesis i.e. it assumes that there is an effect or a difference

Question 6

Type I Error

Answer 6

when you mistakenly reject the null hypothesis, thinking there is an effect or difference when there really isn’t.
“false positive”

thinking theres a difference even though no

Question 7

Type II Error

Answer 7

when you fail to reject the null hypothesis, meaning you think there is no effect or difference, but in reality, there is
“false negative”

think theres no difference but there is a difference

Question 8

When to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis

Answer 8

When p ≤ α REJECT
When p ≥ α FAIL TO REJECT (‘accept’)