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Keywords Flashcards

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Ultimate Music Theory flashcards
1
Q

Polyphonic

A

Features 2 or more parts each having a melody and sounding together

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2
Q

Monophonic

A

Single melodic line with no accompaniment

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3
Q

Homophonic

A

Compromising melody and accompaniment that works in harmony together

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4
Q

Melody and accompaniment

A

Clearly distinguishable between main melody line and the accompaniment

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5
Q

Texture

A

The number of parts and how they relate to eachother

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6
Q

Call and response

A

Succession of 2 distinct phrases usually played by different musicians where second phrase is a response to the first

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7
Q

Canon

A

Musical structure in which the melody in one part is repeated exactly by other parts one after the other

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8
Q

Imitation

A

Separate parts imitating eachother (if identical then its canon)

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9
Q

Unison

A

All layers are moving and playing together

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10
Q

Chorus

A

Important part of song that repeats

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11
Q

Conjunct

A

Music moving in a step like motion

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12
Q

Disjunct

A

Music moves in leaps or intervals larger than 2nd

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13
Q

Sequence

A

Immediate repetition of melodic harmonic idea at a different pitch or a succession of different pitches - can be ascending or descending

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14
Q

Ornamentation

A

Decoration in melodies - e.g mordent, acciaccatura, turn, trill

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15
Q

Syllabic

A

Singing each syllable of text on a single note

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16
Q

Melismatic

A

Singing a single syllable of text while moving between several notes

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17
Q

Trill

A

Rapidly alternating between 2 notes_---

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18
Q

Mordent

A

Ornament in which the not written is played followed by the one above then the original again -

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19
Q

Acciaccatura

A

Note played as quickly as possible before main note (crush note)

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20
Q

Appoggiatura

A

Note of short or long duration that temporarily that temporarily displaces and subsequently revolves into main note

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21
Q

Turn

A

Starts on original note, note above, original, note below, original
- inverted turn is the other way round

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22
Q

Motion

A

Direction melody is moving in

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23
Q

Periodic phrasing

A

Structure of 2 consecutive phrases, often built of similar or parallel melodic material, first phrase gives impression of a question which is answered by a second phrase

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24
Q

Range

A

Distance from lowest and highest pitch

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25
Q

Parallel motion

A

When notes move parallel to eachother

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26
Q

Diatonic

A

Notes or chords belonging in specific key

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27
Q

Chromatic

A

Music in which notes are used that are not in the key

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28
Q

Cadence

A

2 chords at the end of the musical phrase
- perfect - 5-1
- plagal - 4-1
- imperfect - 1-?
- interupted - 5-6

29
Q

Drone

A

Sustained note held in one part while the other parts play or sing melodies against it, harmony stays the same

30
Q

Harmonic

A

Relates to harmony parts

31
Q

Pedal note

A

Pedal that when pressed causes note to linger while harmony changes around it

32
Q

Extended chord

A

Chord in which diatonic notes other than 7th are added on top of the triad

33
Q

Dissonance

A

Notes that clash in a chord

34
Q

Consanants

A

Sounds nice in the chord

35
Q

Thirds

A

Notes 3 apart

36
Q

Primary triads

A

Notes made up of 3 notes

37
Q

Backbeats

A

Beat 2 and 4

38
Q

Hemiola

A

Music device giving the impression of speeding up, triplets to quavers

39
Q

Augmentation

A

Doubling or more of note values

40
Q

Anacrusis

A

An upbeat - accented note or group of notes that comes before the first beat or phrase

41
Q

Diminished

A

Notes made smaller by a semitone

42
Q

Syncopation

A

Placing accents in parts of the bar that arent normally emphasised e.g between beats or on weak beats, accent comes off beat

43
Q

Dotted rhythm

A

Rhythm in which the beat is unequally subdivided into a longer dotted note and a short note

44
Q

Scotch snap

A

Short accented note followed by a longer note

45
Q

Push rhythm

A

When you change the chord on the “and” of beat 4 instead of beat 1

46
Q

Cross rhythm

A

Conflicting rhythms - e.g groups of 3 with groups of 2 playing simultaneously

47
Q

Polyrhythmic

A

Texture made of different rhythms

48
Q

Symphony

A

Large - scale genre for orchestra in 3 or 4 movements

49
Q

Concerto

A

Musical piece for a solo instrument or instruments accompanied by an orchestra

50
Q

Ternary

A

3 part structre in ABA form where B section provides contrast

51
Q

Atonal

A

Absence of tonality - key

52
Q

Blue note

A

Note usually 3rd, 5th, 7th degree of major scale performed at a slightly lower pitch (flattened) for expressive effect

53
Q

Compound time signature

A

Beat is dotted and subdivides into groups of 3 e.g 6/8

54
Q

Inversion

A

Method of developing series by turning all intervals upside down, e.g up a fifth goes down a fifth

55
Q

Pentatonic scale

A

Scale built of 5 notes - 1,2,3,5,6

56
Q

Pivot note

A

Note common to both keys being used and used to pivot between them

57
Q

resultant melody

A

New melody produced when different parts play their ownj melodies together

58
Q

Retrograde

A

Developing series by reversing the order pitches are heard with same durations

59
Q

Retrograde inversion

A

Reversing order pitches are played with same duration while turning intervals upside down on top

60
Q

Reverb

A

Effect used to alter music so it sounds as if it was recorded in a echoey place

61
Q

Distortion

A

Digital effect of altering sound so it becomes rougherand harsher, dirty sounding

62
Q

Panning

A
  • used in stereo recordings to control where sound is coming from e.g in speakers it sounds like it is coming from one side then moves to the other
63
Q

Word painting

A

Use of musical devices to illustrate and highlight specific words i the lyrics

64
Q

Arco

A

Standard violin playing - using bow

65
Q

Pizzicato

A

Plucking violin strings

66
Q

Double stopping

A

Playing 2 or more notes on violin at once

67
Q

Tremolo

A

Moving violin bow back and forth on singke note quickly

68
Q

Con sord

A

Muting violin, putting something on bridge to do so

69
Q

Con legno

A

Using wood of bow to play violin

Music (6 decks)

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