Key Words, Chapter 8

Question 1

Aretalogy

Answer 1

string of “I am” statements (Gr. arete = virtue)

Question 2

Augustinian proposal

Answer 2

theory that Matthew wrote first, then Mark using Matthew, then Luke using both Matthew and Mark

Question 3

Chreia

Answer 3

pronouncement story (Gr. chreia = use; Wikipedia: “… a brief [as short as one line], useful … anecdote about a particular character.” Often “on seeing” or “on being asked”, e.g. Mark 13:1-2 - And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples saith unto him, Master, see what manner of stones … and Jesus answering saith …” or Luke 20:21-25 - And upon their having asked him this, he answered thus …)

Question 4

Diatessaron

Answer 4

Grk. “through four”; first parallel presentation (“harmony”) of the four canonical Gospels Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John by the second-century Church Father Tatian

Question 5

Form criticism

Answer 5

study of the Gospels that focuses on the period of oral transmisson

Question 6

Four-Source hypothesis

Answer 6

modification of the Two-Source hypothesis by B. H. Streeter, which adds “M” and “L” for material unique to Matthew and Luke as sources

Question 7

Griesbach hypothesis

Answer 7

theory popularized by J. J. Griesbach that Matthew wrote first, then Luke using Matthew, then Mark using both Matthew and Luke

Question 8

Horizontal reading

Answer 8

comparison of the presentations of a given event by the different Gospels

Question 9

Implied author

Answer 9

persona created in text by real author

Question 10

Markan priority

Answer 10

theory that Mark was the first to write his Gospel

Question 11

Matthean priority

Answer 11

theory that Matthew was the first to write his Gospel

Question 12

Narrator

Answer 12

person telling the story

Question 13

Q

Answer 13

hypothetical document containing material common to Matthew and Luke (from the German word Quelle, meaning source)

Question 14

Real author

Answer 14

actual writer of a given document

Question 15

Synoptic Gospels

Answer 15

Grk. “seeing together”; common designation for Matthew, Mark, and Luke owing to the similarities between these Gospels

Question 16

Two-Document hypothesis

Answer 16

theory that Mark (written first) and “Q” served as the 2 sources for Matthew and Luke

Question 17

Vertical reading

Answer 17

initial study of a given incident in the Gospel in which it is narrated