Key words

Question 1

cahiers de dolances

Answer 1

lists of grievances/ suggestions for reform drawn up by the three orders for the Estates General

Question 2

seance royale

Answer 2

Royal session of Estates General with all 3 estates

Question 3

election credentials

Answer 3

verification of legality of the election of deputies

Question 4

customs posts

Answer 4

international barriers to trade around Paris - where goods taxes were paid

Question 5

citizen’s militia

Answer 5

defence force of bourgeois Parisians to protect property - became known as National Guard

Question 6

journee

Answer 6

a day of popular action & disturbance linked to great political change (storming of the Bastille)

Question 7

Paris Commune

Answer 7

municipal government of Paris

Question 8

gardes francais

Answer 8

French royal infantry regiment

Question 9

feudalism

Answer 9

system whereby peasants held land in return for some of their labour or produce

Question 10

brigands

Answer 10

gangs of robbers operating in an area where forces of law & order were weak

Question 11

justice of peace

Answer 11

new official (based on England) who were elected active citizens per canton - made judgements on cases

Question 12

refractory clergy

Answer 12

clergy who refused to swear the oath of loyalty to the Constitution

Question 13

emigrees

Answer 13

nobles who had emigrated from France since the revolution began (including Louis’ brothers)

Question 14

assignats

Answer 14

bonds backed up by the sale if Church land, that circulated as a form of paper money

Question 15

federes

Answer 15

Provincial National Guards