Key Words Flashcards
Practical/ Applied Ethics
Ethical theories are of values if they are not put into practice. Applied ethics focuses on the debates about specific dilemma
Ethical theory
The philosophical system for making moral decisions, analysing moral statements.
Teleological
Concerned with the end consequences of an action. (Consequentialist theories)
Deontological
Concerned with the nature of the act itself. Acts are right or wrong in themselves.
Absolutist
A name category for a person who has a fixed opinion on a situation; their choice of judgement cannot be changed by any situations.
Morality
The rightness or wrongness of something as judged by accepted moral standards.
Moral sense
Based on what somebody’s conscience suggests is right or wrong. Rather than on what rules or law says should’ve done.
Realist
People who only consider things as they are or appear to be, and avoid ideas and abstractions.
Ethical system
The umbrella term for normative ethics, descriptive ethics and meta ethics.
Meta ethics
It explores the function and meaning of moral languages.
Descriptive ethics
It describe and compare the different ways in which people and societies have answered moral questions
Normative ethics
It decides how people should ought to behave, how moral choices should be made and how the rules apply.
Moral autonomy
Oppose to religion; morality existing independently of religion. Morality is shaped by reason alone
Moral theonomy
Dependent on religion; morality is shaped by religious belief. It’s rules are taken directly from religious teachings.
Moral heteronomy
Inspired by religion; the principles behind both religious and ethical views are the same and come from God.
Anthropomorphism
The attribution of human characteristics or behaviour to a god, animal, or object.
Deduction
To figure something out based on what you already know.
Induction
A way to make sense of things by making specific observations and then drawing board conclusion based in those observations.
Posterior
Is knowledge dependent on experiences or empirical evidence. It is not knowable by reason alone.
Give an example of posterior
Some bachelors are very unhappy
All cats are black
She dyed her hair blue
There are white tigers
Prior
Is independent of experience. You can work it out using your reason alone.
Give an example of prior.
All widows have dead husband
A clock tells the time
Empiricism
Sense- knowledge through the external
Rationalism
Reasons- knowledge through the internal
Entity
Something that has a real existence (something that exist)
Inalienable
Not alienable; not being subjected to being taken away from a given away by the possessor.
Fallaciousness
Based on a mistake belief
Self-evident
Not needing to be demonstrated or explained (obvious)
Coherent
Logical and consistent
Paradigm
Typical example or pattern of something; a pattern or model.
Rudimentary
Involving a limited to basic principles.
Imprudent
Not showing care for the consequences of an action; rash
Neonate
A newborn child
Infanticide
The crime of the mother killing her child within a year of birth
Anomaly
Something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected
Humane
Having or showing compassion or benevolence.
Prolonged
Continuing for a long time or longer than usual; lengthy
Counter-factual hypothesis
If God interferes, then humanity cannot develop.
Quickening
The moment in pregnancy when the pregnant woman starts to feel or perceive fetal movements in the uterus.
Agape
Sacrificial love
Era-dependant
Something that was held/believed in that period of time of history.
It would seem to be outdated if it was taken and compared to this day
