Key Words Flashcards
What’s a stimulus
A detectable change in the internal or external environment of an organism
What’s a response
Changes as a result of stimulus - may be at a molecular level or change in behaviour of whole organism
5 stages of stimulus response chain
Stimulus - receptor - coordinator - effector - response
What’s a taxis
Organisms
Simple response whose direction is determined by direction of stimulus
What’s a Tropism
Plants
The growth of a plant in response to a directional stimulus
What’s kinesis ?
Form of response where an organism does not move towards or away from stimulus
Instead it changes the speed at which it moves and rate it changes direction
What is a reflex arc
A rapid short lived localised and totally involuntary response
Used to get out of danger
Glucagon
Hormone produced by alpha cells in pancreas
Increase blood glucose by breaking down glycogen to glucose
Gluconeogenesis
Conversion of non-carbohydrate molecules to glucose
Glycogenolysis
Conversion of glycogen to glucose
Glycogenesis
Conversion of glucose to glycogen
Insulin
Hormone produced by Beta cells in pancreas
Increases rate of glucose to glycogen
Decreasing blood glucose levels
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Hormone produced by hypothalamus but secreted from posterior pituitary gland
Reduces water in urine by increasing re absorption in the kidneys
Collecting duct
Last part of Nephron
ADH acts on cells lining the collecting duct to control re absorption of water
- osmoregulation
Hypothalamus
Region of brain next to pituitary gland acts as control centre for automatic nervous system
Regulates body temp and fluid balance
