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cold war 2 > key us policys in asia > Flashcards

key us policys in asia Flashcards

1
Q

what was the overall aim of us policy in asia

A

containment of communism

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2
Q

what led to a shift in us policy

A

rising threat of communism in asia

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3
Q

what are the 7 key things in relation to us policy in asia

A

japan
china
defensive perimeter
NSC-68
korea
alliance building
vietnam

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4
Q

what was japan crucial for

A

containment

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5
Q

since what was japan under us occupation

A

potsdam declaration aug 1945

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6
Q

what were the us aims in japan

A

demilitarise
democratise
neutralise
containmaent

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7
Q

in what way did the us try to achieve their aim of demilitarisation in japan

A

new liberal constitution
rehabilitation of japanese right wing politicians

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8
Q

when was the new liberal constitution in japan introduced

A

may 1947

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9
Q

in what ways did the us try to achieve their aim of economic reconstruction in japan

A

membership in GATT
ballence budget, efficient tax, wage control, regulate trade

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10
Q

when was the sanfransisco peace treaty

A

september 1951

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11
Q

what did the sanfransisco peace treaty give japan

A

sovereignty

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12
Q

what did the sanfransisco peace treaty give the us

A

use of Japanese military bases
Control of Okinawa
Use force in internal Japanese affairs

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13
Q

from when could Japan begin to rearm

A

1951

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14
Q

what did Japanese rearmament help to do?

A

Contain communism in other areas like Korea

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15
Q

what did the US aim to do to China?

A

Isolate them

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16
Q

Who did the US support in China?

A

goumindong/jiang jishi

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17
Q

how did the us support goumindong/jiang jishi

A

In secret and once the Cold War in Asia intensified with economic and military support

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18
Q

When was the defensive perimeter speech?

A

January 1950

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19
Q

Who gave the defensive perimeter speech?

A

Secretary of State Dean Atchison

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20
Q

what did the defensive perimeter speech define?

A

The US defence strategy outlining the area the US saw as critical for the defence of US interests

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21
Q

What would the US do for the countries in the defensive perimeter?

A

Protect them

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22
Q

What are some countries included in the defensive perimeter speech?

A

Japan
the philippines

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23
Q

what are some areas excluded from the defensive perimeter speech?

A

Taiwan and Korea

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24
Q

what led to the NSC?

A

The fall of China and the US are developing the bomb in 1949 to our review of US strategic priorities

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25
When was the NSC 68?
April 1950
26
What were the key points made in the NSC 68?
rejected preventative war Rejected isolation Increase tax for a larger military Increase nuclear weapons
27
How was the NSC 68 used?
It was adopted and shaped as US policy after the outbreak of the Korean War
28
When was the Korean War?
June 1950 July 1953
29
What was the result of the Korean War on the division of Korea?
The line dividing career basically stayed the same
30
How did the Korean War affect the security of the northern south?
A long-term security at the north and the south was protected
31
what did the Korean War do to the USSR?
It weaken the USSR making containment, arguably easier
32
What did the U Korean War inspire the US to commit to?
preventing the further spread of communism in East Asia and Taiwan
33
Who is SEATO created by?
Dulles
34
when was SEATO created?
September 1954
35
Under what was SEATO created
The alliance building portion of Ike’s new look
36
what triggered the creation of SEATO created?
in response to the strengthening Sino Soviet alliance
37
What did SEATO aim to protect?
Newly independent Southeast Asian states from communism
38
what countries in Asia were covered by the alliance
Thailand and the Philippines
39
What countries were not covered by SEATO which probably should’ve been
South Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
40
what theory was believed in in relation to Vietnam?
Domino theory
41
what was the impact of domino theory?
Influenced US policy in the 50s and 60s
42
when was the domino theory first introduced?
April 1954
43
What led to increased US policy in Indo China?
The French Indo China war and domino theory
44
what did the Indochina war end with?
The Geneva conference
45
When was the Geneva conference?
July 1954
46
What was agreed in the Geneva conference?
division of Vietnam French leave the north Nationalists leave the south Elections in two years
47
why was containment seen as necessary
As by 1955, the communist world looks set to expand at the expense of the west
48
did elections promised in the Geneva conference happen
No
49
what was the domino theory?
The belief that if Vietnam fell to communism, it will create a chain reaction
50
What were the key aims in Vietnam under Kennedy?
Containment and a non-communist Vietnam
51
What were the two key policies in Vietnam under Kennedy?
flexible response Strategic Hamlet’s program
52
when was flexible response introduced?
1961
53
What was flexible response?
The expansion of non-nuclear military capabilities to reduce the possibility of nuclear war
54
Give an example of flexible response in Vietnam
strengthening of the South Vietnamese army through economic and material age and advisers with counter insurgency
55
What was nation building?
US economic assistance could help create a Democratic government to resist communism
56
when was the strategic hamlets program introduced?
1962
57
what was the aim of the strategic cabinets program?
Contain the influence of NLF by placing peasants in fortresses surrounded by barricades
58
how many strategic cameras were there by the end of 1962?
3000
59
did the strategic hamlets program work?
No, they just increased NLF recruitment and the scheme collapsed
60
What did the US policy of containment do in Asia post? 1955?
It turned the regional conflict in Vietnam to proxy war of the Cold War
61
who introduced domino theory
Eisenhower in a speech about Indo china

cold war 2 (10 decks)

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