Key Topic 2: Protest, progress and radicalism, 1960-75 PART 2 Flashcards
what group did Malcolm X join while he was in prison?
Nation of Islam
what were Malcom X’s main beliefs?
believed non-violent direct action would never work and he encouraged any means necessary
why did Malcolm X gain support?
he was an articulate and charismatic speaker
what was the name of the group Malcolm X created?
afro-american unity
when was Malcolm X assassinated?
21st February 1965
what were the reasons for the growth of black power?
-slow progress of civil rights
-emergence of new ideas e.g Malcolm X
-anger at continued problems for black americans
-shift in protest issues
who was James Meredith?
the first black american to go to University (Ole Miss)
how long was the intended march in 1966? Between which locations?
220 miles - mississippi, jackson and memphis
what was the purpose of the 1966 March against fear?
encourage voters registration in the black communities
what happened on day 2 of the 1966 March against fear?
shot from ambush
why did the black power movement gain tremendous publicity at the 1968 Mexico Olympics?
during the medal ceremony Tommy Smith (gold) and John Carlos (bronze) raised their hand wearing a single black glove and gave a clenched fist salute (symbol of black power movement)
what did members of the black panther party do?
patrolled the streets in black communities to keep them safe
what did the black panther party work to create?
‘rainbow coalitions’ to encourage co-operation between non-white city gangs that fought each other
what did the black panther party run?
ran breakfast clubs for poor black children - southern california chapter served over 1700 meals weekly
what did the armed members of the black panther party do?
followed police cars in the ghettos, they had tape-recorders in order to expose police brutality
what did the black panther party organise?
organised medical clinics in the ghettos to advise health welfare and legal rights
when was the black panther party founded?
october 1966
who were the leaders of the black panther party?
Huey Newton and Bobby Seale
in what year were the first urban riots in the USA?
1965
name 3 cities which had urban riots during the 1960s?
Detroit, Watt, Chicago
how many people were killed during the riots?
34 in Watt and 43 in Detroit
what was the cost of the damage done during the riots?
700 million
what was the name of the report published in 1968 about the causes of the riots?
Kerner report
give 3 main causes of the riots?
unemployment, living conditions and continued discrimination
where was Martin Luther King assassinated?
balcony of hotel room in memphis
what date was MLK assassinated?
April 4th 1968
