Key terms Test1 Flashcards

1
Q

graphs

A

are a way to display information

graphs contain two axies:

Horizontal axis, Vertical axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Horizontal axis

A

x-axis, runs side to side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vertical axis

A

y-axis, runs up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Directly related

A

two items are associated with each other

when one increases, the other increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

proportional

A

two items are associated with each other, but their relationship is not specified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inversely related

A

two items are associated with each other

when one item increases, the other decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reciprocal

A

special type of inverse relationship

when the two items are multiplied together the result is one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

units

A

assigned to numerical values

can be units of length, area, volume, weight, time, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

increase by a factor

A

means to multiply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

decrease by a factor

A

means to divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

conversions

A

changing from one unit to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

powers of ten

A

a number in scientific notation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

metric system:

109, 106, 103, 102, 101

10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-6, 10-9

A

giga, mega, kilo, hecto, deca

deci, hundredth, thousandth, millionth, billionth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

complimentary units

A

pairs:

giga-nano, mega-micro, kilo-milli, hecto-centi, deca-deci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sound waves:

mechanical, longitudinal

A

mechanical-can not travel through a vacuum, needs a medium to travel through

longitudinal-travels in a straight line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

acoustic propagation properties

A

the effects of the medium upon the sound wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

biological effects

A

the effects of the sound wave upon the tissue it passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

acoustic variables

A

pressure

density

distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

acoustic parameters

A

period

frequency

amplitude

power

intensity

wavelength

propagation speed

20
Q

transverse waves

A

particles move perpendicular to the direction the wave moves

21
Q

longitudinal waves

A

particles move in the same direction the wave moves

22
Q

In phase waves

A

peaks and troughs occur at the same time

23
Q

Out of phase waves

A

peaks and troughs occur at different times

24
Q

interference

A

multiple waves arriving at the same location combining to form a single wave

25
constructive interference
in-phase waves combine to create one larger wave
26
destructive interference
out-of phase waves combine to create one smaller wave, the two waves may cancel each other out
27
period
time from the start of one cycle to the start of the next units: units of time
28
frequency
number of cycles that occurs in one second units: units of per sec (Hz)
29
hertz
1 Hz = 1 cycle/sec
30
amplitude
difference between the maximum value and the average or undisturbed value units of any of the acoustic variables: pascals, kg/cm3, any distance
31
power
rate of energy transfer units: Watts
32
intensity
concentration of energy in a sound beam units: W/cm2
33
wavelength
distance or length of one complete cycle units: units of length (mm, cm, etc)
34
propagation speed
the rate a sound wave travels through a medium units: m/sec, mm/µ, or any distance divided by time
35
speed of sound in media
average soft tissue-1,540 m/sec
36
stiffness
ability of an object to resist compression
37
density
relative weight of a material
38
pulsed sound
a series of cycles
39
parameters describing pulsed sound
pulse duration spatial pulse length pulse repetition period pulse repetition frequency duty factor
40
pulse duration
the time from the start of a pulse to the end of that pulse units: microseconds, minutes, etc
41
spatial pulse length
the distance from the start of a pulse to the end of that pulse ## Footnote units: units of distance (mm, m, etc)
42
pulse repetition period
the time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse (one pulse duration and one listening time) units: units of time
43
pulse repetition frequency
number of pulses that an ultrasound system transmits into the body each second units: Hz or per sec
44
duty factor
percentage amount of time that the machine sends the sound pulse duration/pulse rep. period x 100 = duty factor
45
shallow imaging
less listening shorter PRP higher PRF higher duty factor
46
deep imaging
more listening longer PRP lower PRF lower duty factor
47
parameters that describe both pulsed and continuous waves
period frequency wavelength propagation speed