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232 Foundations > key terms test 2 > Flashcards

key terms test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

*ventilation

A

used to refer to the movement of air in and out of the lungs

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2
Q

*oxygenation

A

to treat, combine, or enrich with oxygen: to oxygenate the blood.

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3
Q

*perfusion

A

passage of blood constituents through the vessels of the circulatory system

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4
Q

*work of breathing/effort

A

i have no idea what this shit is

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5
Q

*inspirations an active process

A

the intake of air into the lungs

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6
Q

*expiration a passive process

A

breathing out or the movement of gases from the lungs to the atmosphere

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7
Q

*tidal volume

A

volume of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled (10-15 ml/kg)

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8
Q

*eupnea

A

normal quiet breathing

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9
Q

*tachypnea

A

fast breathing more than 24 respiration’s per minute

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10
Q

*bradypnea

A

slow breathing less than 10 respiration’s per min

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11
Q

*dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

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12
Q

*hypoxia

A

insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body

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13
Q

*hypoxemia

A

reduced oxygen in the blood

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14
Q

*apnea

A

absence of respirations

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15
Q

*hypercarbia/hypercapnia

A

condition in which carbon dioxide accumulated in the blood

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16
Q

*hypocarbia/ hypocapnea

A

reduced carbon dioxide in the blood

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17
Q

adventitious breath sounds

A

abnormal or acquired breath sounds

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18
Q

afterload

A

resistance against which the heart must pump to eject blood into the circulation

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19
Q

atelectasis

A

condition that occurs when ventilation is decreased an pooled secretions accumulate in a dependent area of a bronchiole and block it

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20
Q

atherosclerosis

A

buildup of fatty plaque within the arteries

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21
Q

automaticity

A

electrical impulse and contraction independent of the nervous system and generated by the cardiac muscle

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22
Q

Biot’s (cluster) respiration

A

shallow breath interrupted by apnea

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23
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood ejected by the heart with each ventricular contraction

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24
Q

cheyne-stokes respirations

A

rhythmic waxing and waning of respiration’s from very deep breathing to very shallow breathing with periods of temporary apnea, often associated with cardiac failure, increased intracranial pressure, or brain damage

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25
creatine kinase (CK)
enzyme that is released into the blood during a myocardial infarction
26
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin caused by reduced oxygen in the blood
27
emphysema
chronic pulmonary condition in which the alveoli are dilated and distended
28
expectorate
cough and spit up mucus or other materials
29
heart failure
condition that develops if the heart cannot keep up with the body's need for oxygen and nutrients to the tissues: usually occurs because of myocardial infarction, but can also result from chronic overwork of the heart
30
hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural cavity
31
hyperinflation
giving the client breaths that are 1 to 1.5 times the tidal volume through the ventilator circuit or via a manual resuscitation bag
32
hyperoxygenation
done with a manual resuscitation bag or trough a ventilator; increases oxygen flow before suctioning and between suction attempts
33
incentive spirometers
devices that measure the flow of air inhaled through the mouthpiece
34
intrapleural pressure
pressure in the pleural cavity
35
intrapulmonary pressure
pressure within the lungs
36
ischemia
deficiency of blood supply caused by obstruction of circulation to the body part
37
kussmaul's breathing
hyperventilation that accompanies metabolic acidosis in which the body attempts to compensate (give off excess body acids) by blowing off carbon dioxide through deep and rapid breathing
38
lung compliance
expansibility of the lung
39
lung recoil
tendency of lungs to collapse away from the chest wall
40
myocardial infarction
heart attack; cardiac tissue necrosis owing to obstruction of blood flow to the heart
41
orthopnea
ability to breathe only when in a upright position (sitting or standing)
42
oxyhemoglobin
compound of oxygen and hemoglobin
43
peripheral vascular resistance
impedance or opposition to blood flow to the tissues; determined by viscosity, or thickness, of the blood; blood vessel length; blood vessel diameter
44
pneumothorax
collection of air in the pleural space
45
postural drainage
drainage, by gravity, of secretions from various lung segments
46
preload
degree to which muscle fibers in the ventricle are stretched at the end of diastole
47
sputum
mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea
48
stridor
harsh, crowing sound made of inhalation caused by constriction of the upper airway
49
surfactant
lipoprotein produced by specialized alveolar cells, acts like a detergent, reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
50
troponin
enzyme that is released into the blood during a myocardial infarction
51
stroke volume
amount of blood ejected with each cardiac contraction
52
acute confusion
aka delirium; abrupt onset of confusion and a reversible cause
53
awareness
ability to perceive environmental stimuli and body reactions and to respond appropriately through thought and action
54
cultural care deprivation/ cultural deprivation
lack of culturally assistive, supportive or facilitative acts
55
delirium
aka acute; abrupt onset of confusion and a reversible cause
56
kinesthetic
refers to awareness of the position and movement of body parts
57
sensoristasis
need for sensory stimulation
58
sensory deficit
partial or complete impairment of any sensory organ
59
sensory deprivation
insufficient sensory stimulation for a person to function
60
sensory overload
overabundance of sensory stimulation
61
sensory perception
organization and translation of stimuli into meaningful informaiton
62
sensory reception
process of receiving environmental stimuli
63
stereognosis
ability to recognize objects by touching and manipulating them

232 Foundations (2 decks)

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