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232 Foundations > key terms test 2 > Flashcards

key terms test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

*ventilation

A

used to refer to the movement of air in and out of the lungs

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2
Q

*oxygenation

A

to treat, combine, or enrich with oxygen: to oxygenate the blood.

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3
Q

*perfusion

A

passage of blood constituents through the vessels of the circulatory system

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4
Q

*work of breathing/effort

A

i have no idea what this shit is

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5
Q

*inspirations an active process

A

the intake of air into the lungs

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6
Q

*expiration a passive process

A

breathing out or the movement of gases from the lungs to the atmosphere

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7
Q

*tidal volume

A

volume of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled (10-15 ml/kg)

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8
Q

*eupnea

A

normal quiet breathing

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9
Q

*tachypnea

A

fast breathing more than 24 respiration’s per minute

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10
Q

*bradypnea

A

slow breathing less than 10 respiration’s per min

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11
Q

*dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

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12
Q

*hypoxia

A

insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body

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13
Q

*hypoxemia

A

reduced oxygen in the blood

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14
Q

*apnea

A

absence of respirations

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15
Q

*hypercarbia/hypercapnia

A

condition in which carbon dioxide accumulated in the blood

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16
Q

*hypocarbia/ hypocapnea

A

reduced carbon dioxide in the blood

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17
Q

adventitious breath sounds

A

abnormal or acquired breath sounds

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18
Q

afterload

A

resistance against which the heart must pump to eject blood into the circulation

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19
Q

atelectasis

A

condition that occurs when ventilation is decreased an pooled secretions accumulate in a dependent area of a bronchiole and block it

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20
Q

atherosclerosis

A

buildup of fatty plaque within the arteries

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21
Q

automaticity

A

electrical impulse and contraction independent of the nervous system and generated by the cardiac muscle

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22
Q

Biot’s (cluster) respiration

A

shallow breath interrupted by apnea

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23
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood ejected by the heart with each ventricular contraction

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24
Q

cheyne-stokes respirations

A

rhythmic waxing and waning of respiration’s from very deep breathing to very shallow breathing with periods of temporary apnea, often associated with cardiac failure, increased intracranial pressure, or brain damage

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25
Q

creatine kinase (CK)

A

enzyme that is released into the blood during a myocardial infarction

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26
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin caused by reduced oxygen in the blood

27
Q

emphysema

A

chronic pulmonary condition in which the alveoli are dilated and distended

28
Q

expectorate

A

cough and spit up mucus or other materials

29
Q

heart failure

A

condition that develops if the heart cannot keep up with the body’s need for oxygen and nutrients to the tissues: usually occurs because of myocardial infarction, but can also result from chronic overwork of the heart

30
Q

hemothorax

A

collection of blood in the pleural cavity

31
Q

hyperinflation

A

giving the client breaths that are 1 to 1.5 times the tidal volume through the ventilator circuit or via a manual resuscitation bag

32
Q

hyperoxygenation

A

done with a manual resuscitation bag or trough a ventilator; increases oxygen flow before suctioning and between suction attempts

33
Q

incentive spirometers

A

devices that measure the flow of air inhaled through the mouthpiece

34
Q

intrapleural pressure

A

pressure in the pleural cavity

35
Q

intrapulmonary pressure

A

pressure within the lungs

36
Q

ischemia

A

deficiency of blood supply caused by obstruction of circulation to the body part

37
Q

kussmaul’s breathing

A

hyperventilation that accompanies metabolic acidosis in which the body attempts to compensate (give off excess body acids) by blowing off carbon dioxide through deep and rapid breathing

38
Q

lung compliance

A

expansibility of the lung

39
Q

lung recoil

A

tendency of lungs to collapse away from the chest wall

40
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack; cardiac tissue necrosis owing to obstruction of blood flow to the heart

41
Q

orthopnea

A

ability to breathe only when in a upright position (sitting or standing)

42
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

compound of oxygen and hemoglobin

43
Q

peripheral vascular resistance

A

impedance or opposition to blood flow to the tissues; determined by viscosity, or thickness, of the blood; blood vessel length; blood vessel diameter

44
Q

pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space

45
Q

postural drainage

A

drainage, by gravity, of secretions from various lung segments

46
Q

preload

A

degree to which muscle fibers in the ventricle are stretched at the end of diastole

47
Q

sputum

A

mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea

48
Q

stridor

A

harsh, crowing sound made of inhalation caused by constriction of the upper airway

49
Q

surfactant

A

lipoprotein produced by specialized alveolar cells, acts like a detergent, reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid

50
Q

troponin

A

enzyme that is released into the blood during a myocardial infarction

51
Q

stroke volume

A

amount of blood ejected with each cardiac contraction

52
Q

acute confusion

A

aka delirium; abrupt onset of confusion and a reversible cause

53
Q

awareness

A

ability to perceive environmental stimuli and body reactions and to respond appropriately through thought and action

54
Q

cultural care deprivation/ cultural deprivation

A

lack of culturally assistive, supportive or facilitative acts

55
Q

delirium

A

aka acute; abrupt onset of confusion and a reversible cause

56
Q

kinesthetic

A

refers to awareness of the position and movement of body parts

57
Q

sensoristasis

A

need for sensory stimulation

58
Q

sensory deficit

A

partial or complete impairment of any sensory organ

59
Q

sensory deprivation

A

insufficient sensory stimulation for a person to function

60
Q

sensory overload

A

overabundance of sensory stimulation

61
Q

sensory perception

A

organization and translation of stimuli into meaningful informaiton

62
Q

sensory reception

A

process of receiving environmental stimuli

63
Q

stereognosis

A

ability to recognize objects by touching and manipulating them

232 Foundations (2 decks)

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