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232 Foundations > key terms test 1 > Flashcards

key terms test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

acquired immunity/ passive

A

Resistance of the body to infection in which the host receives natural or artificial antibodies produced by another source

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2
Q

active immunity

A

Resistance of the body to infection in which the host produces it’s own antibodies in response to natural or artificial antigens

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3
Q

acute infection

A

Sudden onset/ short duration

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4
Q

airborne precautions

A

Methods used to reduce exposure to infectious agents transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei smaller than 5 microns

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5
Q

antibodies/immunoglobulins

A

Immunoglobulin part of the body’s plasma proteins, defend primarily against the extracellular phases of bacterial and viral infections

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6
Q

antigen

A

a substance capable of inducing the formation of antibodies

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7
Q

asepsis

A

freedom from dz causing microorganisms

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8
Q

antiseptic

A

agents that inhibit the growth of some microorganisms

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9
Q

autoantigen

A

an antigen that originates in a person’s own body

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10
Q

bacteria

A

Most common infection causing microorganisms.

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11
Q

blood borne pathogen

A

microorganisms carried in blood and body fluids that are capable of infecting other persons with serious and difficult to treat vital infections, namely, hep b, hep c and HIV

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12
Q

body substance isolation

A

generic infection control precautions for all clients except those with dz transmitted through the air

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13
Q

cell-mediated defenses/ cellular immunity

A

occur through the Tcell system

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14
Q

chronic infection

A

Longer onset/ duration lasting months or years

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15
Q

circulating immunity/ humoral immunity

A

antibody mediated defense; resides ultimately in the B lymphocytes and is mediated by the antibodies produced by B cells

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16
Q

colonization

A

Is the process by which stains of microorganisms become resident flora

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17
Q

contact precautions

A

methods used to reduce exposure to infectious agents easily transmitted by direct client contact or by contact with items in the clients environment

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18
Q

disease

A

detectable alteration in normal tissue fuctional

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19
Q

disinfectants

A

agents that destroy pathogens other than spores

20
Q

droplet nuclei

A

residue of evaporated droplets that remains in the air for long periods of time

21
Q

droplet precaustions

A

reduce exposure to infectious agents transmitted by particle droplets larger than 5 microns

22
Q

exudate

A

material ie fluid and cells that has escaped from blood vessels during the inflammatory process and is deposited in tissue or on tissue surfaces

23
Q

fungi

A

Infection causing microorganisms that include yeast and molds

24
Q

health care-associated infection

A

(nosocomial infection) infections gotten in a hospital

25
Q

hyperemia

A

increased blood flow to a certain area

26
Q

iatrogenic infections

A

dz caused by medical therapy

27
Q

isolation

A

practices that prevent the spread of infection and communicable dz

28
Q

leukocytosis

A

increase in the number of WBC

29
Q

nonspecific defenses

A

bodily defenses that protect a person against all microorganisms regardless of prior exposure

30
Q

infection

A

invasion of microorganism of body tissue

31
Q

opportunistic pathogen

A

microorganism causing dz only in a susceptible person

32
Q

parasites

A

Infection causing that live on other living organisms

33
Q

resident flora

A

microorganisms that normally reside on the skin and mucous membrane and inside the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract

34
Q

pathogenicity

A

ability to produce dz

35
Q

potency

A

inherent capacity for growth and reproduction

36
Q

specific defenses

A

immune functions directed against identifiable viruses, bacteria, fungi or other infectious agents

37
Q

sterilization

A

process that destroys all microorganisms including spores and viruses

38
Q

reservoirs

A

Source of microorganisms

39
Q

universal precautions

A

techniques used to reduce the risk of transmitting pathogens

40
Q

vector-borne transmission

A

transporting an infectious agent into a host through a portal of entry

41
Q

sepsis

A

State of infection and can take many forms, including septic shock

42
Q

septicemia

A

Occurs when bacteremia (culture of someone’s blood reveals microorganisms) results in systemic infection

43
Q

systemic infection

A

Spread and damage of different parts of the body

44
Q

virus

A

Consist f nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells in order to reproduce

45
Q

virulence

A

ability to produce DZ

232 Foundations (2 decks)

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