Key Terms: Heart and Thorax Flashcards
Thinner portion of the right interatrial septum
Fossa ovalis
Superior margin of the manubrium sterni; lies opposite the lower border of the body of the second thoracic vertebrae
Suprasternal notch
Lower boundary of the thorax, formed by the cartilages of the seventh through tenth ribs and the ends of the eleventh and twelfth cartilages
Costal margin
Vertical line from the midpoint of the clavicle
Midclavicular line
Lowest point of the sternum
Xiphoid
Enter the right atrium from above and returns unoxygenated blood
Superior vena cava
Separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle
Interventricular septum
Located in the lower portion of the right interatrial septum which directs the electrical pulse toward the ventricles
atrioventricular node
Angle between the manubrium and the body of the sternum; also known as the angle of louis
Sternal angle
Two upper chambers of the heart
Atria
Two lower chambers of the heart
Ventricles
Junction between the xiphoid and the sternum
Xiphisternal joint
Muscular contraction of the heart
Systole
Small bands that spread the electrical impulse across the ventricles
Purkinje fibers
Portion of the vena cava located in the abdomen
Inferior vena cava
Method of recording the electrical activity generated by the heart muscle
Electrocardiography
Describes the electrical activity that triggers contraction of the heart muscle
Depolarization
Ring of dense tissues that attach the mitral and tricuspid valves
Annulus fibrosus
Lies in the median plane over the sternum
midsternal line
Valves located between the atria and ventricle
Atrioventricular valves
Describes electrical activity just before the relaxation phase of cardiac muscle activity
Repolarization
Remnant from fetal development on the edge of the IVC
Eustachian valve
Sac surrounding the heart, reflecting off the great arteries
Pericardium
Short ligament that connects the main pulmonary artery and the aorta
Ligamentum ateriosum
Bands of muscle lining the anterior chamber of the right ventricle
Trabeculae carneae
Muscular relaxation of the heart
Diastole
Projections of muscle from the ventricular walls
Papillary muscles
Runs vertically from a point midway between the anterior and posterior axillary folds
Midaxillary line
Valves located in the aorta or pulmonic artery
Semilunar valves
Outer layer of the heart wall
Epicardium
Multiple thin fibers extending from the free edges of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Chordae tendinae
Has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle and aortic root
Aortic valve
Valve with 3 cusps located between the right ventricle and main pulmonary artery
Pulmonic valve
Valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Considered the initial pacemaker of the heart
Sinoatrial node
Inner bands of muscle lining the right ventricle
Moderator band
Inner layer of the heart wall
Endocardium
Muscle that tightly lines the appendage
Pectinate muscle
Thick, contractile middle layer of the heart
Myocardium
Remnant form fetal development causing prominent edges on the coronary sinus
Thesbian valve
Located between the IVC, and the opening of the right ventricle
Coronary sinus
Small triangular extension from the upper portion of both atria
Appendage
Bifurcates into right and left branches and helps carry electrical pulse to ventricles
Bundle of HIS
