Key Terms - Ch 12 Flashcards
Anopheles mosquito
Type of mosquito that is essential to the life cycle of plasmodium; injects the protozoa into humans for further maturation
Amebiasis
Amebic dysentery, which is caused by intestinal invasion of the trophozoite stage of the protozoan entamoeba histolytica
Cinchonism
Syndrome of quinine toxicity characterized by nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo
Giardiasis
Protozoa, intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhea and epigastric distress; may lead to serious malnutrition
Leishmaniasis
Skin, mucous membrane, or visceral infection caused by a protozoan passed to humans by the bites of sand flies
Malaria
Protozoal infection with plasmodium, characterized by cyclic fever and chills as the parasite is released from ruptured red blood cells; causes serious liver, CNS, Heart, and, Lung damage
Plasmodium
A protozoan that causes malaria in humans; its life cycle includes the anopheles mosquito, which injects protozoa into humans
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Opportunistic infection that occurs when the immune system is depressed; a frequent cause of pneumonia is patients with AIDS and in those who are receiving immunosuppressant therapy
Protozoa
Single-celled organism that passes through several stages in their life cycle, including at lease one phase as a human parasite; found in areas of poor sanitation and hygiene and crowded living conditions
Trichomoniasis
Infestation with a protozoan that causes vaginitis in women but no signs or symptoms in men
Trophozoite
A developing stage of a parasite, which uses the host for essential nutrients needed for growth
Trypanosomiasis
African sleeping sickness, which is caused by a protozoan that inflames the CNS and is spread to humans by the bite of the tsetse fly; also chagas’ disease, which causes a serious cardiomyopathy after the bite of the house fly
