Key Terms Ans Random Shit Flashcards
How do you find the mass number
Total number of protons and neutrons
How are compounds formed
Compounds are formed when atoms of two or more elements chemically combined together e.g. carbon dioxide
What’s an isotope
Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What’s are 2 popular isotopes
Carbon 12 and carbon 14
What’s ionic bonding
In ionic bonding atoms lose or gain electrons to form charged particles called ions which are then strongly attracted to one another because of positive and negative charges
What do you all atoms over the left hand side of the periodic table have (groups 1/2)
One or two electrons in their outer shell which they want to “get rid off”
What do all atoms over the right hand side of the periodic table have (groups 6/7)
Outer shells which are nearly full
What else happens in ionic bonding
In ionic bonding atoms don’t become one instead atoms lose all gain electrons and then attached to each other/stick to each other because of negative/positive charges
What do Ionic compounds always have
Giant ionic lattices
What’s the example of a giant ionic lattice
A single crystal of sodium chloride (salt)
What are the properties of ionic compounds
.high melting points
.hight boiling points
.dissolve easily in water
What’s happens when ionic compounds melt/dissolve
When Ionic compounds melt the ions are free to move and they’ll carry electric current
when ions dissolved in water that I am separate and all free to move in the solution so that carry electric current
What’s the overall charge of any ionic compound
0
What’s the difference between ionic bonding and covalent bonding
Ionic bonds giveaway electrons whereas covalent bonds share them
Covalent bonds only share electrons from the outer shells
What is a simple molecular structure
atoms that form very strong covalent bonds come together to form small molecules of several atoms - weak bonds
What are the properties of simple molecular bonds
.low melting point
.low boiling point
.gasses or liquids at room temp
.they don’t conduct electricity
What are giant covalent structures
They are macromolecules
these are similar to giant ionic structures except there are no charged ions and all the atoms are bonded together by strong covalent bonds
What are the properties of giant covalent structures
.very high melting point
.very high boiling point
.dont conduct electricity
What are the main examples of giant covalent structures
Diamond and graphite and silicone dioxide
What are metallic structures
Metallic bonds involve the all-important free electrons with Chris all the properties of metals this delocalise elytron is come from the outer shells of metal atom
What are alloys
Mixtures of metals
What are the properties of metallic structures
.good conductors of heat
.good conductors of electricity
.can be bent into shape
How do you find out the atomic number
The number of protons
What’s a smart material
Material that he’s differently depending on the conditions e.g. temperature
What is a good example of a smart material
Nitinol - material that bends and then when heated goes back to original shape
What are nano particles
Nano particles are really tiny particles
What do nano particles include
Fullerenes These molecules of carbon Shaped like hollow balls or close tubes the carbon atoms are arranged in hexagonal rings different fullerenes contain different numbers of comments
What are some examples of nano material use
Industrial catalysts Sensors Building materials Sun cream/deodorant Nano medicines Lubricant for cars Electricity circuits
How do weak polymers work
Thermo softening polymers don’t have cross lining between chains this means the forces between the chains are very easy to overcome - so they melt easily and when it cools it cools into a new shape (can be done as many times as you like
How do strong polymers work
Thermosetting polymers have cross-links please hold the change together a solid structure this means the polymer doesn’t suffer and when it is heated and these polymers are strong hard and rigid
