key terms

Question 1

electrolysis

Answer 1

breaking down of a compound using electricity

Question 2

acid

Answer 2

a compound that releases H+ ions when it breaks up b

Question 3

base

Answer 3

a compound that reacts with acids

Question 4

alkali

Answer 4

a soluble base

Question 5

amphoteric

Answer 5

acts as an acid or a base

Question 6

complex ion

Answer 6

a transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by dative covalent bonds

Question 7

ligand

Answer 7

a molecule or ion that can donate a pair of electrons to the transition metal ion to form a dative bond

Question 8

catalyst

Answer 8

a substance that speeds up a reaction by finding an alternative route (without being used up)

Question 9

standard enthalpy change of combustion

example methane

Answer 9

the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is burnt completely in oxygen under standard conditions

CH4 (g)+ 2O2(g) -> CO2 (g)+H2O(l)

Question 10

standard enthalpy change of formation

Answer 10

(goes from gas to liquid)
enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in water to make an infinitely dilute solution under standard conditions.

Question 11

standard enthalpy change of formation

example methane

Answer 11

enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states under standard conditions

C(s)+ 2H2(g)-> CH4 (g)

Question 12

exothermic

Answer 12

energy is transferred into the surroundings, which feel hot

Question 13

endothermic

Answer 13

energy is transferred from the surroundings which feel cold

Question 14

standard conditions

Answer 14

293K
100KPa
1mol/dm3

Question 15

specific heat capacity

Answer 15

the energy required to raise the temperature 1kg of a substance by 1K