Key Terms Flashcards
What is the cell surface membrane?
The membrane that encloses a cell. Also called plasma membrane
What is the phospholipid bilayer?
The two layers of phospholopids that form the membrane. hydrophilic heads point out and hydrophobic tails point inside.
What are membrane proteins?
Proteins embedded within membranes. Can be intrinsic or extrinsic.
What are intrinsic proteins?
Transmembrane proteins embedded though both layers of the membrane.
What are extrinsic protein?
Peripheral proteins present in only one side of the membrane.
What are channel proteins?
Intrinsic proteins that allow passive movement of molecules and ions down a gradient.
Every channel is specific to a molecule.
Hydrophilic channel through membrane.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
Described the understanding of the bilayers phospholopids being free to move relative to each other.As well as the proteins in the membrane resembling patchwork.
What are carrier proteins?
Intrinsic proteins that allow the movement of molecules or ions passively down or against gradient by active transport. Transport involved protein changing shape.
What glycoproteins?
Intrinsic proteins with attached carbohydrate chain. Help with cell adhesion and as receptors for cell signalling.
What are glycolipids?
Lipids with attached carbohydrate chains. Act as cell markers or antigens for recognition by the immune system.
What is cholesterol?
A lipid that is positioned between phospholipids in the bilayer. Helps stabilize and control membrane fluidity.
What is cell adhesion?
The binding of a cell to a particular surface or substrate. Essential for tissue formation
What is cell signalling?
A complex system of intracellular communication.
