Key Terms Flashcards
Social Mobility
The ability to move up and down the class system.
Hidden Curriculum
Attitude and behaviours that are taught through the process of attending school (school organisation, teacher attitudes) but are not part of the formal curriculum.
Formal Curriculum
What is actually taught in lessons. Subject content.
Social Solidarity
The integration of people into society so that they realise they are part of a group/community.
Ascribed Status
Status given to you by your family.
Achieved Status
Status individuals achieve on their own merit.
Particularistic Values
Rules and values that apply to individuals, usually in the context of the family.
Universalistic Values
Rules and values that apply to everyone in society.
Meritocracy
A society in which individuals achieve on the basis of their own talents and abilities, rather than based on who you know or the family you were born into.
Human Capital
The knowledge and skills of the workforce that increase their usefulness to employers.
Role Allocation
Shifting and sorting students into their future careers.
Equality of Educational Opportunity
Every child, regardless of social class, gender, ethnicity, etc, having an equal chance to develop their talents and abilities in the education system.
Marketisation
Schools being run like businesses, based on competition and consumer choice.
Social Reproduction
Reproduction of the class system in schools- students go into the system working class and come out working class.
Legitimation of Inequality
Making it look as though inequality is legitimate- that it is fair and acceptable.
Ideological State Apparatus
The institutions that spread ruling class ideology- the ideas of the ruling class.
False Consciousness
The proletariat not being aware that they are being exploited.
Habitus
A cultural framework and set of ideas linked to a social class. People are socialised into this habitus and it then influences their taste and choices.
Cultural Capital
Cultural capital refers to a lot of things- it can be knowledge, language, manners, behaviour, attitudes, values, tastes and lifestyles. Cultural capital gives the middle class an advantage in the education system.
Hegemony
Hegemony refers to the dominance in society of ruling class ideas.
Subculture
A subculture refers to a smaller group of people within society whose culture (beliefs, values, etc) is in some way different to the main culture of society.
Anti-School (Counter School) Subculture
An anti-school subculture refers to a group in school whose values attitudes and behaviour is in opposition to those of the school.
Infrastructure
Economic structure of society
Superstructure
Social institutions, e.g family, that support the infrastructure
