Key Terms Flashcards
Primary socialisation
the first stage in the process of individuals learning norms and values of their culture. This takes place during early years in the family
Culture
a shared way of life including shared norms and values, language, belief and practices
Identity
who a person is, how they see themselves and how others see them
Social differentation
Refers to the unequal division of society into a hierarchy with the most privileged at the top and the least favoured at the bottom
Social characteristics used to enhance the power of one group of another
Power
Ability of individuals or social groups to exert their own will over others and to ensure that decisions taken reflect their own interests
The ability to control the behaviour of others through persuasion or coercion
Stratification
A way of categorising differences between individuals and groups using social characteristics such as gender, income, age, ethnicity, sexuality, disability and so on
Secondary socialisation
the process by which people continue to learn norms and values of their culture throughout life via agencies of socialisation including the education system and the media
Social control
the ways in which societies try to ensure its members behave according to accepted and expected norms
Sanctions
a reward or punishment associated with a behaviour
Economic
A means of producing and distributing the physical and material needs and wants of a society including food, clothes, shelter, water, heating, jobs etc
Family
A means of reproducing and socialising the next generation within socially approves norms and relationships
Government
A means of making decisions and enforcing rules
Culture
A shared way of life
What is a value
The specifics tat each personal ideals are and some that a society adheres to, to make the world a nice place
The priorities that you put in place for your life to follow
What is a norm
The ideas that everyone appreciates and adheres to: not seen as abstract and followed in everyday life
What is a role
Expected by society to behave in a particular way- if not they receive some sort of punishment.
The unofficial jobs we take on to allow society to function in day to day life
What is a role model
Learnt by copying behaviour or imitating the attitudes of others, consciously or unconsciously
People we aspire to be like and those who we want to live up to as they hold similar ideologies that we want to achieve
Social Control
methods used to persuade or force individuals to conform to the dominant social norms and values to prevent deviance
Deviance
failure to conform to social norms
Ascribed Status
Given by birth
Achieved Status
Gained by an individuals own efforts or talents
Closed System of stratification
Little to no movement
Status ascribed
Open System of Stratification
Meritocratic
Meritocratic
fluidity and movement between social groups
status achieved
Social mobility
Movement in any society
Social Policy
Government puts policies in place to improve society in some way
Sociological Theory
Competing sociological ideas about how to understand and explain human behaviour in society
Socialisation
Lifelong, two way process of learning norms and values of a culture or society, two stages
