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Rescue Tech - Site Ops > Key terms > Flashcards

Key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Ascending

A

Climbing directly on the rope using mechanical cams or specialized knots

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2
Q

Belayer

A

The person who controls a safety rope connected to another person or persons to keep them from falling

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3
Q

Carabiner

A

Metal snap links used to connect elements of a high angle system

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4
Q

High Angle

A

A very steep environment in which a person is primarily supported by the rope system. One or more ropes are necessary to prevent the involved person from falling

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5
Q

Low Angle

A

An environment, such as a that or mildly sloping area, in which a person is primarily supported by the surface and not by the rope system. One or more ropes may be used for safety or for lowering.

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6
Q

Mountaineeing

A

the use of combined skills, such as climbing and snow and ice travel, to ascend a mountain

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7
Q

Tappelling

A

Using the friction of rope against one’s body or through a descender to descend a rope under control.

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8
Q

Rock climbing

A

Ascending while making direct contact with the rock, rope and other equipment may be used for safety in the event of a fall.

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9
Q

Rope Access

A

The commercial use of mountaineering and caving rope techniques to access work sites,. to ensure the safe operation , the systems usually involve at least main and belay safety lines.

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10
Q

Rope Rescue

A

Rescue in high angle and steep slope environments where the use of rope and related equipment is necessary

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11
Q

Single Rope Technique

A

Ascending and descending directly on the rope without direct aid from contact with the rock, walls, or structures.

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12
Q

System

A

The combination of components used in the high angle environment to construct a functioning unit. Two examples would be lowering system and an anchor system.

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13
Q

Vertical Caving

A

Traveling through caves with vertical or near vertical sections that require the use of rope and ascending and descending equipment.

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14
Q

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

A

An international organization that develops standards through a full consensus method. ASTM standards that apply to the rope rescue environment include those relating to search and rescue, recreational climbing, equipment and arboriculture equipment.

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15
Q

CE European Committee for Standardization

A

the standards setting authority for the EU.

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16
Q

Chest harness

A

A type of harness worn around the chest for upper body support in the high angle environment. it should never be used as the only source of support; it should always be used in conjunction with a sear harness.

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17
Q

Emergency seat Harnesss

A

A temportaty tied harness that is used when a manufactured, sewn sear harness is not abailable.

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18
Q

Escape Belt

A

A device that fastens around the waist like a belt that is intended foruse by the wearer only as an emergency self-rescue device. it should never be used as the sole means of suspension

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19
Q

full body harness

A

a type of harness that offers pelvic and upper body support as one unit

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20
Q

Harness Suspension Pathology

A

A potentially fatal condition that can occur when a person hangs motionless in a seat harness for a long period. the position in the harness, along with the harness strap compression, reduces venous blood flow from the extremities (Particularly the legs) to the right side of the heart, with subsequent reduction in cardiac output. this can result n unconsciousness and possible death in minutes.

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21
Q

Helmet

A

A head covering that protects against head injury

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22
Q

Ladder belt

A

a device that fastens around the wait and is intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder, it should never be used as the sole means of suspension.

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23
Q

NFPA National Fire Protection Assaciation

A

A us national org that sets safety standards including life safety equipment training, and professional qualifications standards for rope rescue teams.

24
Q

Seat Harness Class 1

A

A light duty sear harness meant for emergency escape and light duty work by one person

25
Q

Seat Harness Class 2

A

A sear harness meant for heavy duty work by one person or in rescue situations in which another person’s weight may be added in the course of the rescue

26
Q

Seat Harness Class 3

A

A full body harness meant for fall protection and rescue where inversion might occur.

27
Q

Abrasion

A

The damaging wear on rope and other equipment cause by rubbinh against abrassive material

28
Q

Dynamic Rope

A

A type of rope desigend for high stretch to reduce the shock on the climber and anchor system. this type of rope usually is used in rock climbing and mountaineering and is certified by the UIAA and EU

29
Q

Fall Factor

A

The distance fallen in relationship to the amount of rope used to catch the fall. The fall factor calculation is used to estimate the impact force on a rope when it is subjected to stopping a falling mass.

30
Q

Kernmantle

A

A rope design consisting of two elements; an interior core (kern) which usually supports the major portion of the load on the rope, and an outer sheath (mantle), which serves primarily to protect the core but also may support a minor portion of the load

31
Q

Kevlar

A

Trade name for a type of Aramid fiber, manufactured by the DuPont Corp that has high tensile strength, lo elongation, and high resistance to heat.

32
Q

Laid Rope

A

Rope made by twisting three or more strands together with the twist direction opposite that of the strands. Plain, or hawser, laid ropes have three strands, whereas shroud laid ropes have four strands

33
Q

Load Ratio

A

The ratio of the component’s minimum breaking strength to the anticipated load.

34
Q

Low-Sretch

A

A quality of a type of rope designed to be used in applications such as rescue, rappelling, and ascending in which high stretch would be a disadvantage and no falls, or only very short falls, are expected before the climber is caught by the rope. the term”low stretch” rope can refer to ropes with slightly more elongation than the traditional static ropes or to both types of ropes.

35
Q

Nylon 6

A

A type of nylon used in rope manufacturing. because of it’s shock-absorbing qualities, nylon type 6 is found in most climbing ropes. One Trade name for this type of nylon is Perlon

36
Q

Nylon 6,6

A

a type of nylonn used in rope manufacturing. with its resistance to wear and reduced elongation under load, most static ropes are constructed of type 6,6 in North America it is manufactured by DuPont and the Monsanto Corp

37
Q

Perlo

A

A trade name for a version of nylon 6

38
Q

Polyester

A

A type of fiber used in some rope manufacturing also known by the trade name Darcron

39
Q

Polyolefins

A

A group of fiber types (eg polyproylene, polyethylene) used in the manufacture of ropes often used in water applications

40
Q

Soectra

A

Trade name for a high-modulus polyethylene fiber with high tensile strength

41
Q

Static Rope

A

A type of rope designed to be used in applications such as rescue, rappelling, and ascending in which only very short falls are expected before the climber is caught by the rope. Static ropes have slightly less elongation then low-stretch ropes built to the same standard. less elongation prevents loss of system efficiency from rope stretching

42
Q

System Safety Factor

A

The Ratio between the maximum load expected on high angle system and it’s breaking strength. the larger the ration the greater the safety factor

43
Q

Tensile Strength

A

A measurement of the greatest lengthwise stress under slow pull conditions that a rope can resist without failing.

44
Q

Ascenders

A

Rope grab devices used by individuals to ascend a fixed rope or, with specific types of ascenders, to devise a hauling system. The two basic categories of ascenders are “light-use”, which normally are used for no more than one person’s body weight, and “General-use” which are used as personal ascenders and in hauling systems for progress capture devices and as rope grabs.

45
Q

Bolts

A

Metal devices used to create semi permanent anchors on a rock surface. a hole is drilled in the rock and the device is set in the hole. most bolts have a mechanical means of expanding to jam themselves in the drilled hole. a hanger usually is attached to the bolt so that the bolt can be used as an anchor point.

46
Q

Brake Bar Rack

A

A descending device (Also known as a rappel rack) that consists of a U-Shaped metal bar to which are attached several metal bars, which create friction on the rope. some racks are limited to use in personal rappelling, whereas others may also be used to lower rescue loads.

47
Q

Cams

A

Devices used in climbing for protection or anchoring that lodge in a rock crack. Active cams with springs adjust to the width of the crack. Passive cams (nuts, stoppers, and chocks) wedge to fit the crack.

48
Q

Descenders

A

Metal devices that create friction on the rope to exert a braking action, resulting in a controlled rappel or lowering.

49
Q

Figure 8 Descender

A

A device used for rappelling and in some cases lowering. The descender has the general shape and a smaller ring to attach to a seat harness

50
Q

Locking Carabiner

A

A carabiner with a locking sleeve on the gate side that secures the gate shut

51
Q

Manner of function

A

the method in which a particular piece of equipment was designed to be used

52
Q

Nonlocking Carabiner

A

A carabiner without a means to secure the gate shut

53
Q

Piton

A

A slender metal wedge, with an eye for attachment that is driven into a rock crack for climbing protection or anchoring

54
Q

Prusick

A

A soft rope grab that is constructed with rope of a smaller diameter than that of the rope it grabs

55
Q

Pulley

A

A device with a free-turning, grooved metal wheel (sheave) used to reduce rope friction; it also has side plates to which a carabiner may be attached

56
Q

Rappel rack

A

brake bar rack

57
Q

Rope Grab

A

A device that grips the rope. the two types are mechanical rope grabs, which usually are made of metal and which grip the rope with a camming action, and rope or webbing rope grabs, which use a hitch to grip the rope.

Rescue Tech - Site Ops (2 decks)

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