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Psychology- Attachment > key terms > Flashcards

key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

what is attachment?

A

a close emotional relationship between an infant and its caregiver. attached infants show a desire to be close to their main caregiver and show distress when separated

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2
Q

what is social referencing?

A

the degree that a child looks at the carer to check how they should respond to something new

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3
Q

what is reciprocity?

A

two-way. this refers to a form of communication between an infant and caregiver where they are both active contributors and respond to eachother. they take turns in their contributions.

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4
Q

what is interactional synchrony?

A

the infant and caregiver reflect eachothers actions and emotions in a synchronised way. they mirror what the other is going with the contributions occurring at the same time. psychologists have observed that infants as young as 2-3 weeks will imitate facial and hand gestures.

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5
Q

what is a naturalistic observation?

A

watching and recording behaviour in the setting within which it would normally occur

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6
Q

what is a controlled observation?

A

watching and recording behaviour within a structured environment (one where some variables are managed)

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7
Q

what is an overt observation?

A

participants behaviour is watched and recorded with their knowledge and consent

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8
Q

what is a covert observation?

A

participants behaviour is watched and recorded without their knowledge or consent

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9
Q

what is a participant observation?

A

the researcher becomes a member of the group whose behaviour they are watching/ recording

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10
Q

what is a non-participant observation?

A

the researcher remains outside of the group whose behaviour they are watching/ recording

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11
Q

what is a behavioural category?

A

when a target behaviour is broken up into components that are observable and measurable

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12
Q

what is time sampling?

A

a target individual or group is first established then the researcher records their behaviour in a fixed time frame (e.g. every 60 seconds)

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13
Q

what is reciprocity?

A

two-way. this refers to a form of communication between an infant and a caregiver where they are both active contributors and respond to eachother. they take turns in their contributions

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14
Q

what is interactional synchrony?

A

the infant and caregiver reflect eachothers actions and emotions in a synchronised way. they mirror what the other is going with the contributions occurring at the same time. psychologists have observed that infants as young as 2-3 weeks will imitate facial and gestures

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Psychology- Attachment (12 decks)

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