Key Terms Flashcards
Learn definitions of all key terms
Dipole
attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
Hydrogen bond
The positive end of hydrogen molecules attracts the negative end of oxygen molecules. The bonds which are then formed between the molecules are hydrogen bonds.
Ionic bond
Ionic bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming charged ions which are attracted to each other.
Hydrophobic interactions
Hydrophobic interactions describe the relations between water and hydrophobes (low water-soluble molecules). The mixing of fat and water is an example of this interaction.
Disulphide bond
A disulfide bond is a covalent bond between two sulfur atoms (-S-S-).
Glycosidic bond
A bond between two monosaccharides formed in a condensation reaction.
Ester bond
A bond between a fatty acid chain and glycerol formed in a condensation reaction.
Peptide bond
A bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another in a condensation reaction.
Condensation reaction
A reaction that joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond involving the elimination of a watger molecule.
Hydrolysis
Breaking a chemical bond between two molecules involving the use of a water molecule.
Cohesion
A property of water molecules that creates an attraction between
them and causes them to stick together.
Adhesion
The process through which identical molecules interact and stick to one another.
Latent heat of evaporation
Energy absorbed or released by a substance during a change in it’s physical state.
Specific heat capacity
The amount of heat one gram of a stubstance must absorb to raise it’s temperature by one degree celsius.
Monosaccharide
Individual sugar molecules.
