Key Terminology

Question 1

Fixed axis

Answer 1

Camera rooted to spot

Question 2

Pan

Answer 2

Left to right

Question 3

Tilt

Answer 3

Up and down

Question 4

Swish pan

Answer 4

Whip pan

Fast; catches person doing something they shouldn’t

Question 5

Dolly shot

Answer 5

Camera moves towards/away from scene on rail tracks

Question 6

Tracking shot

Answer 6

Camera follows sideways

Question 7

Frozen moment

Answer 7

Camera moves around subject, e.g. Matrix

Question 8

Available light

Answer 8

Naturally occurring

Question 9

Artificial light

Answer 9

3 point lighting system:

• Key light: main source of light
• Fill light: fills shadows
• Back light: lights back of subject

Question 10

Motivated lighting

Answer 10

Light is part of the scene itself

Question 11

Chiaroscuro

Answer 11

Contrast between light and dark

Question 12

Colour grading

Answer 12

Colour selectively tinged in a scene

Adjusts saturation: high is positive, low is grim

Question 13

Rule of thirds

Answer 13

Frame separated into 3, natural way we expect frame to look

Question 14

Jump cut

Answer 14

Shows passing of time, e.g. montage

Add urgency to scene, fast-paced

Question 15

Cross-cutting

Answer 15

Cuts back and forth between locations (e.g. phone conversations)

Question 16

Match on action

Answer 16

Camera follows action

Character moves, throws something, camera follows it

Question 17

J-cut

Answer 17

Audio from next scene starts before you get to it

Hear it before you see it

Question 18

L-cut

Answer 18

Audio based transition

Audio from one shot carries on to the next one

Question 19

Fade

Answer 19

Dissolve to/from black

Question 20

Dissolve

Answer 20

Blend scenes together, passing of time

Question 21

Wipe

Answer 21

Smooth transition of scene

Question 22

Iris in/out

Answer 22

Stylistic, black fade around one character

Question 23

Continuous take

Answer 23

Invisible cut: illusion of continuity

Question 24

Parallel sound

Answer 24

What we expect to hear as a result of actions on screen

Sound effects

Question 25

Contrapuntal sound

Answer 25

Sound effect opposes/markedly different from what you expect

Question 26

Asynchronous sound

Answer 26

Sound which occurs at a different time to when you expect, e.g. slow-mo, then sound

Question 27

Sound flashback

Answer 27

A sound which reminds you of something that happened earlier

Memory

Question 28

Sound bridge

Answer 28

Music covers a series of scenes, e.g. over a montage

Question 29

Motif

Answer 29

Theme tune of a character

Question 30

Pleonastic sound

Answer 30

Exaggerated, distorted sound

Question 31

Realist acting style

Answer 31

Not doing much, emoting little, lowkey, natural

Question 32

Classical acting style

Answer 32

Expected, most things are this style

Question 33

Formalist acting style

Answer 33

Very staged, exaggerated performing

Question 34

Aesthetic

Answer 34

The look and feel of the film
Film offers 2 pleasures:
- the story
- the sensory spectacle/aesthetic