Key terminology 2.2 Flashcards
Variable
A value that will change depending on conditions or information passed into the program
Constant
A value that cannot change during execution
Input
Any information or data passed into the program
Output
Any information or data passed out by the program
Assignment
Giving a variable or constant a value
Sequence
Each line or instruction is executed in order
Selection
An instruction which evaluates a Boolean expression and then runs specific code depending on the outcome
Iteration
Specific code which can be repeated with a count controlled or condition controlled loop
Count controlled loop
Iteration which loops a fixed number of times set by a variable
Condition controlled loop
Iteration which loops a set number of times defined by a condition
String manipulation
Commands which allow you to change and extract data from strings
File handling
The process of dealing with input to and from files
SQL
The language used for database queries
Arrays / Lists
A set of similar data items stored in a single variable/identifier
Subroutine
A group of code given a name allowing it to be called later
Procedure
A subroutine which will take 0 or more parameters and return 0 or more data values
Function
A subroutine which will take 0 or more parameters and return 1 data value
Data type
The different types of data a program will store
Integer
A data type for positive and negative whole numbers
Real
A data type for positive and negative numbers with decimal places
Boolean
A data type for logical conditions True/False or Yes/No
Character
A single alphanumeric character of symbol
String
A sequence of characters
Casting
Converting a variable from one data type to another
Arithmetic operator
A symbol used in mathematical expressions, e.g: +,-,/,*,^
Boolean operator
A word used in conditions, e.g: AND, OR, NOT
