Key Terminology

Question 1

Philosophy

Answer 1

Critical analysis of fundamental questions/problems

Question 2

Antecedent

Answer 2

The ‘If’ in a statement: If P then q, P is the antecedent

Question 3

Consequent

Answer 3

The ‘then’ in a statement: If p then Q, Q is the consequent

Question 4

Inductive argument

Answer 4

A method of reasoning in which a general principle is derived from a body of observations

Question 5

Deductive argument

Answer 5

Establishes a conclusion to be true by stating two or more true premises that lead to the conclusion being true- generalisation

Question 6

Necessary argument

Answer 6

Required to be part of a concept

Question 7

Sufficient condition

Answer 7

Conditions which all need to be met to be part of a concept

Question 8

A priori

Answer 8

Knowledge based on thought alone, without experience

Question 9

A posteriori

Answer 9

Knowledge only acquired through experience

Question 10

Dualism

Answer 10

Believes you can divide something in to two distinct parts

Question 11

Substance Dualism

Answer 11

Believes the mind and body are in separate realities

Question 12

Materialism

Answer 12

Human things are made up of physical matters

Question 13

Deontological

Answer 13

Actions are right or wrong regardless of the outcome

Question 14

Teleological

Answer 14

Actions are right or wrong depending on the outcome

Question 15

Recta Ratio

Answer 15

The right reasoning in acting

Question 16

Privatio Boni

Answer 16

The absence of God

Question 17

Interior Act

Answer 17

The intention behind an act

Question 18

Exterior Act

Answer 18

The act itself

Question 19

Conscientia

Answer 19

Distinguishes right and wrong and makes moral decisions

Question 20

Syndereris

Answer 20

Knowledge we are born with which distinguishes right from wrong

Question 21

Infinite Regression

Answer 21

A chain of events that all lead to eachother

Question 22

Necessary being

Answer 22

Does not rely on anything else to exist

Question 23

Necessity

Answer 23

Has to be

Question 24

Contigent

Answer 24

Its existence relies on something else to exist