Key studies

Question 1

PACE extra reading

Answer 1

kcal labelling increased portion size but PACE labelling decreased (Marty et al 2021)
PACE labels reduce consumers evaluations of food brands (Xiaoke et al 2022) - brands may not want them implemented and may reduce enjoyment of food

Question 2

Dieting (extra)

Answer 2

search interest in dieting/weight loss highest in Jan and lowest in Dec - Park et al 2021
community efforts focusing on nutrition and PA to prevent childhood obesity associated with weight satisfaction not unhealth dieting behaviours - Plimier et al 2019
winter seems best season for deliberate weight loss - Shimamoto et al 2002
early weight control associated with binge eating in young adulthood - Liechty & Lee 2013

Question 3

Stress eating (extra)

Answer 3

emotion regulation techniques for adolescents may protect against maladaptive/stress eating patters - Kazmierski et al 2022
stress/emotional eating viewed as uncommon, pitiable behaviour reflecting lack of self-control - suggests destigmatisation needed as an intervention - Hayman et al 2014
greater perceived stress and poorer resources to cope contribute to emotional eating during transition to college - Wilson et al 2015
mindful eating may be useful intervention to reduce perceptions of stress and increase resources to cope - Brantley et al 2020

Question 4

Restraint (extra)

Answer 4

associated with increased BMI and disordered eating - Anderson et al 2016
weight gain associated with overeating in response to everyday cues (habitual disinhibtion) so target for interventions (over situational/emotional eating) - Hays & Robers 2012
eating restraint didn’t sig impair cognitions so may not be much evidence for this belief - Watson & Pelley 2021