Key Stats Flashcards
how many new workers in st petersburg from 1890 to 1914
urbanisation
(February revolution)
St Petersburg 1890=1 million, 1914=2.2 million
working class - literacy rates change
(February revolution)
literacy rates doubled:
1887=28.4%, 1916=56%
WW1 casualties
- 300,000 dead or wounded at battle of Tannenberg
- 1.5 million deserters in 1916
- over 15 million (8.8%) mobilised by 1918
- 1.8 million (12%) killed
- 5 million (1/3) wounded
WW1 economy
- 1.5 billion spent
- wages doubled
- price of food and fuel quadrupled
- 1916 petrograd + moscow received 1/3 of food and fuel requirements (moscow: 2,000 wagons to 700 per month by 1917)
- 1917 bread rations in petrograd from 2.7 lbs to 1.8
Land
(October revolution)
237 seizures in July
economy
(October revolution)
- 586 factories closed in petrograd from Feb to July 1917
- 100,000 unemployed
- grain prices doubled in same period
July days
(October revolution)
roits and 20,000 Kronsdatsailors demand soviets seize power
Red army
(civil war)
end of 1919 - 3 million
end of 1920 - 5 million
Foreign intervention
(civil war)
Churchill sent £100 million
Votes
(consolidation of power)
- populour in cities- around 50% ofvote for constituents
- Bolsheviks only won 24% of vote nationally
red terror
(consolidation of power)
- official records = 13,000 executed 1918-20
- real figures nearer 300,000
- 5% prisoners in Moscow were children
Brest-Litovsk
(consolidation of power)
- lost 1/3 of European russia
- Forced to pay 3 billion roubles
economy
(consolidation of power)
- bread ration cut by 1/3rd in Jan 1921
- industrial production at 1/7th of 1913 levels
- agricultural production at 1/3rd of 1913 levels
economic success
(NEP)
1913 vs 1921 vs 1926:
- grain: 80 - 37 - 76 million tons
- coal: 29 - 9 - 27 million tons
- Iron: 4 - 0.1 - 2 million tons
- steel: 4 - 0.2 - 3 million tons
control success
(NEP)
- Mensheviks and SRs outlawed- 5,000 Mensheviks arrested in 1921
- show trails: 34 SR leaders condemned as terrorists and 11 executed
economic failure
(NEP)
- consumer goods recovered less e.g cotton production static, less wool produced
- Grain exports 1/3 1913 levels in 1928
control failure
(NEP)
- Nepmen: private traders supplying up to 3/4 retail trade by 1923
- workers: strikes, housing shortages and low wages ( 50% of 1913 levels)
Agricultural Economy
(Collectivisation)
- grain production = 73 millions tons in 1928 but fell to 68 million in 1933
- cattle = 70 million in 1928 to 42 million in 1934
industrial economy
(Collectivisation)
- procurement: 1928 = 11 million tons, 1933 = 22 million tons
- exports: 1928 = 0.03 million tons, 1931 = 5 million tons
political control
(Collectivisation)
- 7 million peasants died in the famine between 1932-1934
- 10 million peasants lost land (forced to move to cities)
- 2-3 million killed directly or in gulag labour camps
- Collectivised: 1930 = 50%, 1934 = 70%, 1936 = 90%
economic success
(5yr plans)
- coal: 1928 = 35.5 million tons, 1940 = 166 million tons
- steel: 1928 = 3.4 million tons, 1940 = 13 million tons
