Key Region & Characteristics

Question 1

1. Chablis (6)
2. Formerly (3)
   
   1. phy + rail = v/y ➗10 in 100 years
   2. Renaiss 1945, unique cold lime + Ch wine
   3. ‘98 iNAO Portlandian
3. CCC + frost risk
4. Soil
   
   1. Limy, ch soil
   2. Kimm (Ch+Cl+Oy fossils), best around Chab, S/facing
5. Ch only
6. GCs (7) LC, V, V, LP, B, Bl, LG
7. Pr Cs + 5% abv less sc
   
   1. La Fourchaumes (N/W)
   2. Montée de Tonnerre + M d Milieu (S/E)
   3. Other side: Cote de L’Echet/Vaillons/Montmains

Answer 1

1. Formerly part of large wine-growing region supplying Paris with reds via Seine River
   
   1. Phyloxera + railway expansion + int’l competition = vineyards ➗10 in 100 years
   2. Renaissance since 1945 due to unique cold limestone terroir and Chardonnay wines
   3. ‘98 iNAO extended Chablis AC considering Portlandian soil to provide similar properties to wine
2. Cool Continential Climate with serious spring frost risks
3. Limy, chalky soil (Kimmeridgian soil: chalk+clay+oyster fossils with best vineyards around town of Chablis & facing south
4. Only Chardonnay allowed
5. Grand Crus (7) Les Clos, Vaudésir, Valmur, Les Preuses, Bougros, Blanchot, Les Grenouilles are all in a block on northern side of Chablis by the Seresin river. Small proportion of oak-aged wine.
6. Premier Crus; at least 0.5%abv less scented
   
   1. La Fourchaumes (N/W)
   2. Montée de Tonnerre + M d Milieu (S/E)
   3. Other side: Cote de L’Echet/Vaillons/Montmains

Question 2

2. Cote d’Or
   (a) C d Nuits (5) + (9)
3. Complexity of Terroir = variety in wines
4. P Noir
5. 1er Cru
6. G Cru - E/Facing, mid-slopes, poor soil
7. Key (9)
   
   1. Marsannay
   2. Fixin
   3. Gevrey-Chambertin: Chambertin, Chambertin-Clos de Beze, Charmes-Chambertin
   4. Morey St Denis: Close de la Roche, Clos St Denis, Clos de Lambrays, Clos de Tart
   5. Chambolle-Musigny: le Musigny, Bonnes Marres
   6. Vougeot: Clos Vougeot
   7. Vosne Romanée: Richebourg, Romanée-Conti, La Tache, La Romanée
   8. Grand Échezeaux: Échézeaux
   9. Nuits-Saint-Georges

Answer 2

(a) Cote d’Or (Dijon ->Nuits-St-Georges) - 3,800 ha

1. High complexity of terroir -> wealth of variety in wines
2. Pinot Noir kingdom
3. Premier Crus: slightly higher, some outstanding in combes (south facing side valleys) eg, Combe d’Orveau in Chambolle
4. Grand Crus: east-facing, usually mid-slopes on slight incline but v poor soils.
5. Key communes & Grand Crus
   
   1. Marsannay
   2. Fixin
   3. Gevrey-Chambertin: Chambertin, Chambertin-Clos de Beze, Charmes-Chambertin
   4. Morey St Denis: Close de la Roche, Clos St Denis, Clos de Lambrays, Clos de Tart
   5. Chambolle-Musigny: le Musigny, Bonnes Marres
   6. Vougeot: Clos Vougeot
   7. Vosne Romanée: Richebourg, Romanée-Conti, La Tache, La Romanée
   8. Grand Échezeaux: Échézeaux
   9. Nuits-Saint-Georges

Question 3

2. Cote d’Or
   (b) Cote de Beaune (3) + (10)
3. Climate less variable and vines more spread out v C-de-Nuits; Grand Crus at the extreme of the region
4. Aloxe-Corton: meagre soils on vol sub-soil / Montrachet: great light&heat-> always ripe grapes
5. Key communes & Grand Crus:
   
   1. Aloxe-Corton: Corton, Corton-Charlemagne
   2. Pernand-Vergelesses
   3. Savigny-les-Beaune
   4. Pommard (red only)
   5. Volnay (red only)
   6. Mersault
   7. Saint-Aubin
   8. Auxey-Duresses
   9. Puligny-Montrachet: Le Montrachet, Batard- Montrachet
   10. Santenay

Answer 3

Cote d’Or

(b) Cote de Beaune (Aloxe-Corton->Santenay - 6,000 ha

1. Climate less variable and vines more spread out v C-de-Nuits; Grand Crus at the extreme of the region
2. Aloxe-Corton: particularly meagre soils on volcanic sub-soil / Montrachet: great light&heat-> always ripe grapes
3. Key communes & Grand Crus:
   
   1. Aloxe-Corton: Corton, Corton-Charlemagne
   2. Pernand-Vergelesses
   3. Savigny-les-Beaune
   4. Pommard (red only)
   5. Volnay (red only)
   6. Mersault
   7. Saint-Aubin
   8. Auxey-Duresses
   9. Puligny-Montrachet: Le Montrachet, Batard- Montrachet
   10. Santenay

Question 4

3. Cote Chalonnaise (Chalons-sur-Soane->Macon)
4. Warmer + ↑alt (300) vs CdO
5. important micro + weather
6. No GCrus BUT 5 Comm AOCs w/Pr Cru Loc
   
   1. R
   2. Bouz (A)
   3. Mercurey
   4. G
   5. Mont
7. Home to Passetoutgrains + Crémant de B

Answer 4

Cote Chalonnaise (Chalons-sur-soane->Macon) - 4,800 ha

1. Warmer & higher altitude (300-350m) vs Cote d’Or
2. Importance of Microclimate + weather. Bad years PN & Ch having difficulty to ripen
3. No Grand Crus, 5 Communal AOCs w 4 with premier cru locations:
   
   1. Rully
   2. Bouzeron (Aligoté only)
   3. Mercurey
   4. Givry
   5. Montagny
4. Home to Passetoutgrains & Crémant de Bourgogne

Question 5

4. Maconnais
5. Warm CC, Lime
6. Ch + G 60%
7. Mixed Agri, Dom by Co-Ops
8. No 1er Cru, Regional + Comm ACs
   
   1. Macon AC / Macon Sup
   2. M Villages / Macon + ‘village’
   3. P-Fuissé (White)
   4. Viré-Clessé
   5. P-Louché
   6. P-Vinzelles
   7. S-Véran (St Amour)
9. Perception - 50% Mac Wine sold as Bour Blanc
10. PF +St-V gaining popularity

Answer 5

Maconnais

1. Warm continential climate; limestone soils
2. Mainly Chardonnay (60%) and some Gamay
3. Mixed agriculture => domination of co-ops (70% of all wine by co-ops)
4. no premier to grand crus but regional and communal ACs:
   
   1. Macon AC / Macon Supérieur AC (+05%) Pot Alcohol
   2. Macon Villages / Macon + ‘village’: from one or several of the 43 villages around Macon
   3. Pouilly-Fuissé (white only)
   4. Viré-Clessé
   5. Pouilly-Louché
   6. Pouilly-Vinzelles
   7. Saint-Véran (St Amour)
5. Perception problem w 50% of wine of Maconnais do not carry name of area (eg, sold as ‘Bourgogne blanc’)
6. Pouilly-Fuissé and St-Véran gaining popularity