key profiles Flashcards
1
Q
Thomas, Lord Stanley
1435-1509
A
- Henry VII’s stepfather
- Initially stood aside during the Battle of Bosworth but intervened to help Henry
- Played a crucial role in Henry’s victory and was rewarded title ‘Earl of Derby’
- Was key to the exercise of royal power in the Northwest of England and Wales
2
Q
Edward, Earl of Warwick
1475-1499
A
- Son of Edward IV’s brother
- Was placed in the Tower of London in 1485
- He remained there but made occasional public appearances
- Allegedly plotted with Perkin Warbeck and so Henry executed him in 1499
3
Q
Sir William Stanley
1435-1495
A
- Brother of Thomas Stanley, Henry VII’s step uncle
- Rewarded role of Lord Chamberlain, which gave him considerable political influence and enabled him to develop his landed estate in Cheshire and North Wales
- Was a shock when he was accused of treason
4
Q
Lambert Simnel
A
- A boy from Oxford who was tutored in courtly manners by a priest
- Had the intention of initially impersonating Richard, Duke of York
- Captured at the Battle of Stoke but spared by Henry and sent to work in the royal kitchens
5
Q
John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln
1460-1487
A
- Nephew of Edward IV and Richard III
- He was Richard’s designated successor
- Regarded as the Yorkist leader after the Battle of Bosworth
6
Q
Perkin Warbeck
1474-1499
A
- Belgian cloth trader
- Claimed to be Richard, Duke of York (one of the boys in the tower)
7
Q
John Morton
A
- A highly able churchman and lawyer.
- Began his career as a passionate Lancastrian but made his peace with the Yorkists to serve Edward IV where he became Bishop of Ely.
- Worked against Richard III and was promoted for his services by Henry VII to Archbishop of Canterbury in 1486.
- Became cardinal in 1493
8
Q
Margaret Beaufort
1443-1509
A
- Married Edmund Tudor in 1455 and gave birth to the future Henry VII when only 14
- Her 3rd husband was Thomas, Lord Stanley
- She remained an important but unofficial adviser to the king
- Was granted a large estate by Henry in Northamptonshire
- Her ability to intervene directly in political affairs was limited due to her spending much of her time keeping her house clean
9
Q
Sir Reginald Bray
d. 1503
A
- Had been a faithful servant of Henry Tudor
- He helped Henry raise funds for the Battle of Bosworth
- Under Henry’s reign his influence exercised through his role as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
- Led the Council Learned in Law
- Was described as the ‘King’s chief executive’ and was more powerful than most nobles
10
Q
Sir Richard Empson
1540-1510
A
- Empson was a member of the King’s council from 1494
- He eventually chaired the Council Learned
- Closely identified with the increasing ruthlessness of Henry VII’s regime
- Was arrested shortly after the death of Henry, charged with treason and executed in the following year
11
Q
Edmund Dudley
1462-1510
A
- Came to prominence following the death of Bray
- Arguments that his role was to exploit financial opportunities which had made him a lot of enemies
- Became vulnerable to counter attack as soon as he lost the king’s protection
- After Henry’s death he became accountable for what had been the king’s demands
12
Q
Maximilian I
1459-1519
A
- Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 to 1519
- Married Mary of Burgundy in 1477, and through her he gained control of the Netherlands, England’s main trading partner
13
Q
Charles VIII
1470-98
A
- King of France from 1483-98
- He ruled in his own right from 1491
- Main concern was to assert his claim to the throne of the kingdom of Naples in Italy
- This reduced any potential threat from Charles to Henry VII
14
Q
James IV
1473-1513
A
- Succeeded to the Scottish throne at age 15 in 1488
- Was responsible for the invasion of England in 1496, but did not pursue the policy and instead making peace in 1497
- Married Henry VII’s daughter Margaret
- Killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513
15
Q
Gerald Fitzgerald, 8th Earl of Kildare
c1456-1513
A
- Known as the ‘uncrowned king of Ireland’
- Was the leading member of the Irish nobility
- Henry became dependent upon him for the maintenance of law and order in Ireland
