Key institutions, treaties and agreements

Question 1

define intergovernmental features of the EU

Answer 1

issues which have implied unanimity among member states with the possibility of veto. this all happens under cooperation of states

Question 2

define the supranational features of the EU

Answer 2

formal structures of government above member states, policy areas which are delegated to european level

Question 3

when was the council of europe established

Answer 3

1949

Question 4

give 2 possible security reasons why the EU may have wanted to integrate after WWII

Answer 4

• the threat of communism and the cold war

- money from the US to rebuild western europe

Question 5

which scholar suggested that europe must become federal

Answer 5

Jean Monnet

Question 6

what were Monnet’s two key beliefs about the european integration process?

Answer 6

• it must be incremental

- must be initially economic in nature to avoid tensions of soverignty

Question 7

why did the ECSC only target coal and steel

Answer 7

these were the war industries and tying them would make war impossible between frane and germany

Question 8

which 6 nations formed the ECSC in 1952?

Answer 8

Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands

Question 9

when was the european economic community formed (EEC)

Answer 9

1958

Question 10

which treaty introduced the EEC and what other institution did it create?

Answer 10

the Treaties of Rome, Euratom

Question 11

when was the single european act introduced

Answer 11

1987

Question 12

what other name is given to the 1993 treaty on EU

Answer 12

Maastricht Treaty 1993

Question 13

give 3 things that changed due to the Maastricht treaty

Answer 13

• the european union three pillars structure
• new competences: common foreign and security policy and justice and home affairs
• Economic monetary union (EMU)
• co-decision procedure (joint agreement from the council and parliament for legislation)
• expanded powers of EU parliament
• citizenship
• principle of subsidiarity, performing tasks which cannot be performed at a local level

Question 14

name the 3 pillars created under the Maastricht treaty 1993

Answer 14

1. european community (Internal market, Monetary union, agriculture environment)
2. common foreign and security policy
3. justice and home affairs

Question 15

positives of the maastricht treaty? 3

Answer 15

• creation of european union
• paved the way for single currency
• enabled cooperation in foreign and security policy

Question 16

negatives of the maastricht treaty 1993

Answer 16

• began the process of differentiated integration, due to the ratification crises of UK and Denmark
• more powers for the EP meant concerns of democratic defecit
• monetary union without full union

Question 17

why was the constitution for europe rejected in 2004

Answer 17

• adoption of liberal values
• domestic factors
• response to elite rather than public issues

Question 18

what did the Lisbon treaty replace

Answer 18

the constitution for europe

Question 19

what did the Lisbon treaty change about the constitution for europe in order to get it passed

Answer 19

it amends the treaties rather than replacing them, removing symbolic state-like aspects

Question 20

what actors are in the european council?

Answer 20

haeds of gevernments of member states

Question 21

what actorss are in the council of the EU

Answer 21

ministers of member states in different confirgurations

Question 22

what actors are in the european parliament?

Answer 22

directly elected members

Question 23

which 2 key institutions can be described as being the ‘voice of member states’?

Answer 23

the european council and the council of the EU

Question 24

which institution can be described as the voice of the people

Answer 24

european parliament

Question 25

which institution can be described as the ‘voice of common interest’

Answer 25

the European commission

Question 26

which institution can be described as ‘upholding the law’

Answer 26

european court of justice

Question 27

which institution can be described as ‘the voice of regions’

Answer 27

euroepan committee of regions

Question 28

which two smaller institutions have a right to be consulted on legslative proposals

Answer 28

• European Economic and Social Committee

* European Committee of the Regions

Question 29

what is the difference between an institution and an agency?

Answer 29

agencies are bodies engaged with carrying out particular tasks whereas institutions have a larger range of competencies

Question 30

give 3 examples fo exclusive competencies of the EU (5)

Answer 30

• customs union
• competition rules for internal market
• monetary policy for eurozone states
• conservation of marine biological resources
• common commercial policy

Question 31

which treaty created the catalogue of competences and what did this estabish?

Answer 31

the lisbon treaty, what the EU can do under the principle of subsidiarity (closest to citizens)

Question 32

which two institutions have the most exceutive power and over what?

Answer 32

commission has power over the competences of the treaties and euroepan council has control of overall direction and how the comission implements policy