Key institutions, treaties and agreements Flashcards
key info on the EU
define intergovernmental features of the EU
issues which have implied unanimity among member states with the possibility of veto. this all happens under cooperation of states
define the supranational features of the EU
formal structures of government above member states, policy areas which are delegated to european level
when was the council of europe established
1949
give 2 possible security reasons why the EU may have wanted to integrate after WWII
- the threat of communism and the cold war
- money from the US to rebuild western europe
which scholar suggested that europe must become federal
Jean Monnet
what were Monnet’s two key beliefs about the european integration process?
- it must be incremental
- must be initially economic in nature to avoid tensions of soverignty
why did the ECSC only target coal and steel
these were the war industries and tying them would make war impossible between frane and germany
which 6 nations formed the ECSC in 1952?
Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands
when was the european economic community formed (EEC)
1958
which treaty introduced the EEC and what other institution did it create?
the Treaties of Rome, Euratom
when was the single european act introduced
1987
what other name is given to the 1993 treaty on EU
Maastricht Treaty 1993
give 3 things that changed due to the Maastricht treaty
- the european union three pillars structure
- new competences: common foreign and security policy and justice and home affairs
- Economic monetary union (EMU)
- co-decision procedure (joint agreement from the council and parliament for legislation)
- expanded powers of EU parliament
- citizenship
- principle of subsidiarity, performing tasks which cannot be performed at a local level
name the 3 pillars created under the Maastricht treaty 1993
- european community (Internal market, Monetary union, agriculture environment)
- common foreign and security policy
- justice and home affairs
positives of the maastricht treaty? 3
- creation of european union
- paved the way for single currency
- enabled cooperation in foreign and security policy
negatives of the maastricht treaty 1993
- began the process of differentiated integration, due to the ratification crises of UK and Denmark
- more powers for the EP meant concerns of democratic defecit
- monetary union without full union
why was the constitution for europe rejected in 2004
- adoption of liberal values
- domestic factors
- response to elite rather than public issues
what did the Lisbon treaty replace
the constitution for europe
what did the Lisbon treaty change about the constitution for europe in order to get it passed
it amends the treaties rather than replacing them, removing symbolic state-like aspects
what actors are in the european council?
haeds of gevernments of member states
what actorss are in the council of the EU
ministers of member states in different confirgurations
what actors are in the european parliament?
directly elected members
which 2 key institutions can be described as being the ‘voice of member states’?
the european council and the council of the EU
which institution can be described as the voice of the people
european parliament
which institution can be described as the ‘voice of common interest’
the European commission
which institution can be described as ‘upholding the law’
european court of justice
which institution can be described as ‘the voice of regions’
euroepan committee of regions
which two smaller institutions have a right to be consulted on legslative proposals
- European Economic and Social Committee
* European Committee of the Regions
what is the difference between an institution and an agency?
agencies are bodies engaged with carrying out particular tasks whereas institutions have a larger range of competencies
give 3 examples fo exclusive competencies of the EU (5)
- customs union
- competition rules for internal market
- monetary policy for eurozone states
- conservation of marine biological resources
- common commercial policy
which treaty created the catalogue of competences and what did this estabish?
the lisbon treaty, what the EU can do under the principle of subsidiarity (closest to citizens)
which two institutions have the most exceutive power and over what?
commission has power over the competences of the treaties and euroepan council has control of overall direction and how the comission implements policy
