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Biology > Key concepts > Flashcards

Key concepts Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

ANIMAL CELLS

What is a nucleus?

A

controls the activitiees of the cell containing genetic material

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2
Q

ANIMAL/ PLANT/ BACTERIA CELLS

What are ribosomes?

A

translation of genetic material in the synthesis of proteins

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3
Q

ANIMAL/ PLANT CELLS

What is the cytoplasm?

A

where chemical reactions take place

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4
Q

ANIMAL/ PLANT/ BACTERIA CELLS

What is the cell membrane?

A

holds the cell together, controls what goes in and out

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5
Q

ANIMAL/ PLANT CELLS

What is mitochondria?

A

recations for respiration take place- transfers energy that the cell needs to work

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6
Q

PLANT CELLS

What are chloroplasts?

A

absorb light to make food (glucose) by photosynthesis- containing a green substance called chlorophyll

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7
Q

PLANT CELLS

What is a vacuole?

A

containing sap supporting the cell

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8
Q

PLANT CELLS

What is a cell wall?

A

made of cellulose supporting and strengthening the cell

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9
Q

BACTERIAL CELLS

What is a plasmid dna?

A

small loops of extra dna which arent part of the chromosome

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10
Q

BACTERIAL CELLS

What is a chromosomal dna?

A

controls the cells activities and replication. floats free in cytoplasm

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11
Q

BACTERIAL CELLS:

What is a flagellum?

A

tail like substance that rotate to help bacteria move

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12
Q

SPECIALISED CELL

What is a sperm cell?

A

transport male dna to egg

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13
Q

SPECIALISED CELL

What is an egg cell?

A

carrys female dna and nourish the developing embryo in early stage

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14
Q

SPECIALISED CELL

Characteristics of egg cell

A
  • contains nutrients in the cytoplasm to feed embryo

- haploid nucleus

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15
Q

SPECIALISED CELLS

Characteristics of sperm cell

A
  • long tail so it can swim
  • lots of mitrochondria provide energy to swim
  • has an acrosome at the front of the head where it stores enzymes needed to digest through egg membrane
  • haploid nucleus
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16
Q

What is resolution?

A

how well a microscope distinguishes between 2 points that are close together

17
Q

Formula for total magnification

A

eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

18
Q

Formula for magnification

A

magnification = image size/ real size

19
Q

How are enzymes denatured?

A

extremes of ph or tempreture the shape of the active site is changed and the lock and key will no longer work

20
Q

3 factors that affect how fast enzymes work

A

> pH
temperature
substrate

Biology (5 decks)

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