Key area 5- Food Production

Question 1

What is a food yield?

Answer 1

The amount of food grown from crops

Question 2

What is a fertiliser?

Answer 2

Mixture of chemicals which are used to increase crop yield

Question 3

What is nitrates?

Answer 3

A type of chemical important for amino acid and protein formation

Question 4

What are pesticides?

Answer 4

Chemicals that kill animals or weeds that harm crops

Question 5

What are amino acids?

Answer 5

They are the building blocks of proteins

Question 6

What is leaching?

Answer 6

The process of fertilisers being washed from fields into water supplies

Question 7

What is algal bloom?

Answer 7

The sudden increase in algal populations

Question 8

What does genetically modified (GM) mean?

Answer 8

A living thing that has had a new genes added to it artificially

Question 9

Definition of biological control

Answer 9

Using living things to help control pests (e.g. using ladybugs to control to greenfly population because they eat them)

Question 10

What does toxicity mean?

Answer 10

A measure of harmfulness of a chemical to a living thing

Question 11

Why does more food need to be produced?

Answer 11

Because the human population is increasing

Question 12

Two ways to increase crop yield

Answer 12

Use fertilisers, Use GM crops

Question 13

Two ways to prevent pest damage to crops

Answer 13

Use pesticide, Use biological control, Use GM crops

Question 14

One advantage and one disadvantage of fertilisers

Answer 14

Advantage=increase crop yield
Disadvantage=can leach into fresh water

Question 15

One advantage and one disadvantage of pesticides

Answer 15

Advantage=Prevents crop damage Disadvantage= bioaccumulation in food chains

Question 16

One advantage and one disadvantage of GM crops

Answer 16

Advantage=increase crop yield and protect crops from pests
Disadvantage=expensive

Question 17

One advantage and one disadvantage of biological control

Answer 17

Advantage=no chemicals required
Disadvantage=difficult to manage

Question 18

What chemical does fertiliser provide to increase crop yield

Answer 18

Nitrates

Question 19

What is bioaccumulation?

Answer 19

Pesticides on crops can accumulate in bodies of organism that consume over time, as they are passed along the food chain toxicity increase and can reach lethal levels

Question 20

What happens when fertilisers leach into fresh water?

Answer 20

Algal bloom occurs

Question 21

Effects of algal bloom on fresh water

Answer 21

Algal bloom covers water and reduces light levels which kills aquatic plants, dead plants become food for bacteria, bacteria uses up great amount of oxygen- reduces oxygen for other organisms such as fish causing them to die

Question 22

What does the new genes in GM crops do?

Answer 22

New genes introduced to their DNA to give them improved characteristics(e.g. golden rice has vitamin a gene added)

Question 23

What do nitrates do?

Answer 23

Nitrates dissolve into soil which is absorbed into the plants, nitrates are used to produce amino acids which synthesis into plant proteins