Key Area 3.6 Social behaviour Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the 3 types of social behaviour?

A

Social hierarchy
Cooperative hunting
Social defence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is social hierarchy?

A

A rank order within a group of animals consisting of subordinate and dominant members.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do dominant individuals carry out?

A

Ritualistic threat displays.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do social hierarchies increase the chance of?

A

The dominant animals favourable genes being passed on.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do animals advance in social hierarchies?

A

Forming alliances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does cooperative hunting be if it the subordinate animals?

A

They gain more food than they would foraging alone as the kill is shared.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the benefits of cooperative hunting?

A

Larger prey can be caught and increase change of the hunt being successful.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do social defence strategies increase?

A

The chance of survival.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is social defence?

A

Some individuals watch out for predators while others forage for food. When groups are under attack they adopt specialised formations to protect their young.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is altruism?

A

When an animal will behave in a way that is harmful to themselves but benign oak to others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is reciprocal altruism?

A

One individual, at the cost of itself, giving help to another provided there is the prospect of the favour being returned at a later date.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What must animals be to practice reciprocal altruism?

A

Sufficiently intelligent to be able to remember who is indebted to whom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is kin selection?

A

Altruistic behaviour between closely related animals (kin).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does the donor benefit in kin selection?

A

Increased chances of survival of shared genes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some examples of social insects?

A

Bees,
Wasps,
Ants,
Termites.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some examples of roles of sterile worker bees?

A

Defending the hive,
Collecting pollen,
Carrying out waggle dances to show the direction of food.

17
Q

Why do primates carry out long periods of parental care?

A

Gives them an opportunity to learn complex social behaviours which are essential for their survival.

18
Q

What are some ways in primate groups that they avoid conflict?

A

Ritualistic display and appeasement behaviour.

19
Q

What are examples of appeasement behaviours?

A

Grooming,
Facial expressions,
Body posture,
Sexual presentation.

20
Q

What is the description and function of grooming?

A

Includes preening of one animals coat by another.

This reduces tension and strengthens alliances to increase social status, strengthening the bond between individuals.

21
Q

What is the description and function of facial expressions?

A

Include closing eyes, teeth baring, mouth opening.

Act as signals to indicate position in hierarchy and avoid conflict.

22
Q

What is the description and function of body posture?

A

Include the lowering of body positions and bowing actions.

Act as signals to indicate position in dominance hierarchy and avoid conflict.