Key Area 2a: Control and Communication: Nervous Control Flashcards

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1
Q

Stimulus

A

a sensory input that is detected by receptors in multicellular organisms

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2
Q

Response

A

a reflex action, which is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus

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3
Q

Neuron

A

nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses

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4
Q

Sensory (neuron)

A

a nerve cell that detects changes in the environment and sends signals to the central nervous system (CNS) to process

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5
Q

Inter neuron

A

a neuron that connects to brain regions, allowing communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS)

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6
Q

Motor neuron

A

enable a response to occur, which can be rapid action from a muscle or a slower response from a gland.

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7
Q

Central nervous system

A

the part of the nervous system that is made up of the brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

Cerebrum

A

conscious response and higher brain function

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9
Q

Cerebellum

A

centre of balance and movement coordination

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10
Q

Medulla

A

sub-conscious control - breathing, heart rate

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11
Q

Effectors

A

a muscle or gland that responds to a stimulus by producing a specific action

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12
Q

Receptors

A

specialized cells that detect changes in the environment, or stimuli, and respond by generating electrical impulses

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13
Q

Brain

A

an organ in the head that controls many body functions in multicellular organism

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14
Q

Spinal cord

A

lets the brain send messages to the body

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15
Q

Synapse

A

small gap between neurons

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16
Q

Reflex arc

A

the neural pathway that controls a reflex, which is the body’s automatic response to a stimulus

17
Q

Muscle

A

a tissue made up of muscle cells that contract and relax to move the body

18
Q

(Multicellular) Gland

A

a gland that is made up of more than one cel

19
Q

Reflex

A

an involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs in organisms with a nervous system

20
Q

Flow of information in the nervous system?

A

Stimuli (receptors in sense organs) –. SENSORY NEURONS –> CNS –> MOTOR NEURONS –> Responses (Effectors eg. muscle and glands)

21
Q

Hypthalamus

A

regulation of water content and temperature

22
Q

The CNS is made up of the?

A

brain and spinal cord

23
Q

Cerebrum can be split into four lobes?

A

Parietal, Frontal, Occipital and temporal

24
Q

What type of message is carried through the sensory neuron?

A

Electrical

25
Q

What type of message is carried through the synapse?

A

Chemical

26
Q

What type of message is carried through the motor neuron?

A

Electrical

27
Q

How are messages transferred at a synapse?

A

Chemicals