Key Area 2a: Control and Communication: Nervous Control Flashcards
Stimulus
a sensory input that is detected by receptors in multicellular organisms
Response
a reflex action, which is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus
Neuron
nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses
Sensory (neuron)
a nerve cell that detects changes in the environment and sends signals to the central nervous system (CNS) to process
Inter neuron
a neuron that connects to brain regions, allowing communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS)
Motor neuron
enable a response to occur, which can be rapid action from a muscle or a slower response from a gland.
Central nervous system
the part of the nervous system that is made up of the brain and spinal cord
Cerebrum
conscious response and higher brain function
Cerebellum
centre of balance and movement coordination
Medulla
sub-conscious control - breathing, heart rate
Effectors
a muscle or gland that responds to a stimulus by producing a specific action
Receptors
specialized cells that detect changes in the environment, or stimuli, and respond by generating electrical impulses
Brain
an organ in the head that controls many body functions in multicellular organism
Spinal cord
lets the brain send messages to the body
Synapse
small gap between neurons
Reflex arc
the neural pathway that controls a reflex, which is the body’s automatic response to a stimulus
Muscle
a tissue made up of muscle cells that contract and relax to move the body
(Multicellular) Gland
a gland that is made up of more than one cel
Reflex
an involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs in organisms with a nervous system
Flow of information in the nervous system?
Stimuli (receptors in sense organs) –. SENSORY NEURONS –> CNS –> MOTOR NEURONS –> Responses (Effectors eg. muscle and glands)
Hypthalamus
regulation of water content and temperature
The CNS is made up of the?
brain and spinal cord
Cerebrum can be split into four lobes?
Parietal, Frontal, Occipital and temporal
What type of message is carried through the sensory neuron?
Electrical
What type of message is carried through the synapse?
Chemical
What type of message is carried through the motor neuron?
Electrical
How are messages transferred at a synapse?
Chemicals
Importance of a reflex action
To protect the body from harm/danger
