Ketogenesis Flashcards
where does this cycle take place?
mitochondria in the liver
where does the acetyl CoA come from?
excess beta oxidation from fat metabolism
which enzyme converts 2 acetyl CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl CoA thiolase
what is the byproduct of the acetyl-CoA thiolase reaction
CoASH
what converts acetoacetyl-CoA to beta-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) to acetoacetate?
HMG-CoA lyase
what is released as a result of the HMG-CoA lyase rxn
acetyl CoA
what re the two products that can be formed from acetoacetate
acetone, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and ketone bodies
how is acetone formed from acetoacetate
a non-enzymatic rxn requiring H+ and releasing CO2
what forms beta-hydroxybutyrate from acetoacetate
beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
what does beta hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase require to react?
NADH, H+
which two ketone bodies diffuse into the blood
beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate
where are ketone bodies located
the blood
where do ketone bodies go from the blood
the mitochondria of the brain (most), muscles, and kidneys
where do ketone bodies go when they are not needed
they are converted to acetoacetate and enter the TCA as acetyl CoA
what converts acetoacetate and 2succinyl CoA to acetoacetyl CoA and 2 succinate
thiotransferase
