Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S2 Biology > Keeping The Body Working > Flashcards

Keeping The Body Working Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 7 nutrients?

A

Carbohydrates, fibre, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals, water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name an example of food with carbohydrates

A

Bread, potatoes, rice, nuts and pasta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name a food that contains fats

A

Butter, oil and fried food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name a food that contains protein

A

Eggs, fish, red meat and chicken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name a food that contains vitamins

A

Citrus fruit, potatoes and berries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name a food that contains fibre

A

Dried fruit, popcorn and whole grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name a food that contains water

A

Cucumber, watermelon and lettuce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name a food that contains minerals

A

Meat, cereals and fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a balanced diet?

A

A balanced diet is a diet consisting of different types of food and providing the correct amount of each of the 7 nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do carbohydrates supply us with?

A

Slow releasing energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two main types of carbohydrates?

A

Sugars- fast releasing Ex/ chocolate, grapes and soft drinks
Starches- slow releasing Ex/ bread, pasta and potatoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is fibre?

A

A carbohydrate which can’t be digested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does fibre help our digestive system?

A

It adds bulk to our foods and aids it’s movement along our digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do proteins help our body?

A

They help us grow and repair body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do fats help our body?

A

They provide us with energy that can be stored and isulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do vitamins help our body?

A

Vitamins and minerals help prevent certain diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does water help our body?

A

Water is needed for chemical reactions and helps transport materials around our body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why do we need food?

A

Food provided nutrients which are required for energy so you can grow and do all the functions of the body. Food also keeps the immune system healthy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When does malnutrition occur?

A

Malnutrition occurs when your diet does not contain the right amount of each of the 7 nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a deficiency disease?

A

A deficiency disease is caused by the lack of an element in the diet, usually a particular vitamin or mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes kwashiorkor?

A

A severe lack of protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the symptoms of kwashiorkor?

A

To much fluid in the body, tissue swelling, swollen stomach area and anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes scurvy?

A

A lack of vitamin c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the symptoms of scurvy?

A

Tired and weak, joint pain, swollen gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What causes rickets?

A

A lack of vitamin d or calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the symptoms of rickets?

A

Soft deformed bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What causes eye disorders?w

A

Lack of vitamin a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the symptoms of eye disorders?

A

Headaches, night blindness and excessive tearing

29
Q

What causes anaemia?

A

Lack of red blood cell production (low iron)

30
Q

What are the symptoms of anaemia?

A

Paleness, tiredness

31
Q

In order to test a food, if it is a solid what must be done?

A

It musty be ground up in water and then filtered to make a solution for testing

32
Q

What is the test for starch?

A

If iodine solution tunes from yellow/brown to blue/black starch is present

33
Q

What is the test for reducing sugars?

A

If Benedict’s solution changes from blue to orange when heated, reducing sugars are present

34
Q

What is the test for proteins?

A

If Biurets solution turns from blue to violet (purple) proteins are present

35
Q

What are complex carbohydrates (such as starch) made up from?

A

Small units called sugar molecules (glucose)

36
Q

What are proteins made up from?

A

Small units called amino acids

37
Q

What are fats made up from?

A

Fats are made up from subunits called fatty acids and glycerol

38
Q

What do humans use their teeth for?

A

To bite and chew food and mechanically breaking down the large pieces into bite size pieces

39
Q

What is the function of the canines?

A

Canines are used to rip and tear

40
Q

What is the function of the incisors?

A

Incisors are for slicing and cutting

41
Q

What is the function of the pre-molars and the molars?

A

The molars are for crushing and grinding

42
Q

What is digestion?

A

Digestion is the process of breaking large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones that can be absorbed into the blood stream

43
Q

What is the digestive system made up from?

A

It is made up from the Alimentary canal, a long muscular tube running from the mouth to the anus

44
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

The stomach has layers of muscle that contract and relax and it churns the food. This mixes the food with digestive juices

45
Q

Where do the products of digestion go?

A

The products of digestion are absorbed into the blood stream through the wall of the small intestine

46
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

The small intestine has lots of small vessels into which the products of digestion are absorbed into the blood stream

47
Q

What is the order of the digestive system?

A

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

48
Q

What are the properties of the small intestine?

A

The small intestine is very long and it’s inner wall is highly folded into villi making for a large surface area for absorption

49
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A

The large intestine absorbs water from the remaining undigested food material

50
Q

What is the unwanted waste material from digestion called?

A

Faeces

51
Q

What do digestive juices contain?

A

Digestive juices contain enzymes which are special protein molecules made in our cells

52
Q

What is the function of enzymes?

A

They speed up chemical reactions

53
Q

What do different enzymes do?

A

Different enzymes speed up the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats

54
Q

What is the substance an enzyme acts upon called?

A

It’s substrate

55
Q

What are the substances produced from enzymes called?

A

Products

56
Q

Amylase speeds up the breakdown of what?

A

Starch into simple sugars (maltose)

57
Q

Where is amylase produced?

A

Amylase is produced in cells in the salivary glands and in the pancreas

58
Q

Proteins speeds up the breakdown of what?

A

Protease breaks down protein into amino acids

59
Q

Lipase speeds up the breakdown of what?

A

Lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

60
Q

What is the food test for fats?

A

If ethanol and water turn from colourless to cloudy, fats are present

61
Q

What is the test for solid fat?

A

Rub some solid fat on a filter paper, if translucent fat is present

62
Q

If a substance is soluble what does that mean?

A

It can dissolve in water

63
Q

What is the digestive system made up from?

A

Mouth, salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, appendix, rectum and anus

64
Q

In order for starch to be able to pass through the blood stream what must happen?

A

It has to be broken down into smaller soluble molecules

65
Q

Why are enzymes specific?

A

Enzymes are specific to a type of subtate

66
Q

What is specificity?

A

Specificity is where enzymes can only fit one particular substrate

67
Q

Where do enzymes bind to the substrate?

A

The active site (this catalyses the reaction)

68
Q

What is a substrate?

A

The substance an enzyme reacts upon

69
Q

What makes an enzyme specific?

A

An enzyme is said to be specific to its subtracts, they should fit like lock and key

S2 Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions