Katz & Mair Flashcards
What are the three historical models of political parties according to Katz and Mair?
(1) Cadre/elite party, (2) Mass party, (3) Cartel party.
What characterizes a “cadre party”?
Elite-driven, with minimal organisation, focused on parliamentary activity rather than mass mobilisation.
How does the “mass party” differ from the cadre party?
It relies on broad grassroots membership, extensive organisation, and aims to represent social classes or ideologies.
What is the defining feature of a “cartel party”?
It blurs the boundary between party and state, relying on state resources rather than mass membership, and often colludes with other parties.
What institutional development supports the rise of cartel parties?
State financing of political parties and increased regulation of party activity.
What is the “party in public office” vs. “party on the ground” vs. “party in central office” distinction?
A tripartite framework separating elected officials, grassroots members, and party leadership/administration — with the cartel model prioritizing the central office and public office wings.
What is meant by the term “cartelisation of politics”?
A process where major parties cooperate to protect mutual interests, limiting competition and insulating themselves from public demands.
Why do Katz and Mair argue that party democracy is declining in the age of the cartel party?
Because parties become more state-dependent and less responsive to members or civil society, weakening participatory and representative functions.
How do cartel parties treat political competition?
As something to be managed or controlled, often through collusion or consensus among dominant parties, rather than a true contest of ideas.
What implications does the cartel party model have for citizen engagement?
Reduced need for mass participation leads to declining membership and increased voter alienation and distrust in parties.
