Karyotes Flashcards
How do you make a karyotype
When a dividing cell is stained with a fluorescent dyes and examined under a microscope
When karyotyping a baby where do the cells come from
The amniotic fluid
Why do we karyotype
To possibly indicate genetic disorders
What sections of the gene does the dye dye?
The more loosely coupled the gene = the less tight binding
Down syndromes chromosome
Trizome 21
Why is DNA coiled
To prepare the chromosomes for easy movement via the centromere
How does the number of chromosomes relate to the species
All members of the same species have the same number of chromosomes
The chromosomes characteristics size, shape and banding pattern is always the same
What’s pairs do chromosomes exist in
Homologous pairs which means the same shape
What pair of chromosomes is different
Sex cells
Female XX homologous
Male XY non homologous
What are the non sex celled chromosomes called
Autosomes
Humans-22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes
What is the locus of a gene
The position of the gene
What is an alelle
A variation of a particular gene
What is a gene
A section of DNA that codes for a particular polypeptide
What is a gene
The sum of all the genes in an organism
Number of nucleotides in human genome
3.2 billion
