kapitel socialpsykologi

Question 1

Vad förklarar interaktionen mellan personliga och situationella variabler?

Answer 1

Mänskligt beteende

Question 2

Beteende kan framkallas av situationen, även om starka personliga övertygelser om moral finns sen tidigare

Answer 2

ex. gruppen eller situationen får dig att göra handalingar som går emot dina värderingar

Question 3

Vad är Social thinking?

Answer 3

Våran Sociala sida av kognitionen, hur vi ser på oss själva och dom runt omkring oss., och konstruerar sin egna verklighet.

Ex Nelson Mandela
- En gång ansågs vara terrorist, sedan “freedom fighter”

Question 4

Primacy effect

Answer 4

Rule of thumb in impression formation
- (attach more importance ot initial info we learn about a person)

Question 5

Recency effect

Answer 5

Tendency attach more importance to recent information about a person

Question 6

Self-schemas

Answer 6

Mental templates, from memory of past experience, which represents your beliefes about yourself in a particular domain

Question 7

Aschematic

Answer 7

Dimensions you don’t use to describe yourself
- Sporting interests, religious beliefs, etc

Question 8

Self-discrepancy theory

Answer 8

Distinguishes among of what we currently are
- Actual self

What we ideally hope to become
- Ideal self

and what we think we ought tobecome
- Ought self

Question 9

Social identity

Answer 9

Part of an individuals identity derived from the knowledge of belonging to particular groups

• Husbands, friends, spouses, but also Britihs, European, Women and academics

Question 10

Reflected appraisal principle

Answer 10

If others think well of you, you tend to think well of yourself

Question 11

Attributions

Answer 11

Judgements about the causes of our own and other people’s behaviour and outcomes

Question 12

Fundemental attribution error

Answer 12

Underestimate situation impact and overestimate personal factors when explaining other people’s behaviors

-Perceived injustice or perceieved gorup threat is often overlooked whewn it comes to terrorism. They are ‘crazy’ or ‘deranged’

“The slow driver ahead of us is a moron and the fast driver behind us is a lunatic” - George Carlin

Question 13

Self-serving bias

Answer 13

Tendency to make personal attributions for one’s success and situational attributions for one’s own failures

Question 14

Personal/Situational attributions har en kulturell skillnad, ex. Indien jämfört med USA när det kommer till åldrande och hur man ser på attributions.

Question 15

Achieve a positive self-regard..
Regardless of culture, people tend to rate themselves as highly on traits they value most.

Question 16

How does attitudee influece behavior?

Answer 16

They influence behavior more strongly when situational factors that contratict our attitudes are weak

Question 17

Skillnad mellan Peripheral- och central route to persuasion

Answer 17

Central route to persuasion
- Thinking carefully about the message and get influenced because they find arguments compelling

Peripheral route to persuasion
- Influenced mostly by other factors such as attractiveness of the person or emotional appeal

Question 18

How can a communicator be persuasive?

Answer 18

-Physically attractive
-Similar to us
-Likeable
-Appears to be an expert
-White lab coat

Question 19

What happens with performance when there are other people around us?
Aka. Social facilitation

Answer 19

Our arousal increases
- More likely to perform behavior that happen to be our dominant responses to the specific situation

Complex task without having learned it = Dominant responses is liekly incorrect ones = perform worse

When learned task, = dominant responses is correct = perform better

Both with invisible and visible audience

Question 20

Four compliance techniques

Answer 20

Door in the face
- large request -> smaller request

Foot in the door
- Small request -> large request

Lowballing
- Gets you to commit to some action, then before you actually perform, he increases the ‘cost’.. aka used car 8k -> 8,4k

Norm of reciprocity
- When others treat us well, we should respond in kind

Question 21

Factors that may influence obedience:

Answer 21

1. Remoteness of the victim
2. Closeness and legitimacy of the autority figure
3. Diffusion of responsibility
   - Obedience increases when someone else has to do the dirty work

WEAK:
4. Personal Characteristics
5. Gender differences