Kant

Question 1

key ideas of a just society according to Kant

Answer 1

neither moral principles or principles of justice can rest on interest or desires of individuals or community; deontological ethics; freedom is the slavery to one’s desires, you have the freedom to fulfill them but you don’t choose the ends themselves

Question 2

categorical imperative

Answer 2

the action is good as an end in itself, regardless of consequences
“always treat humanity, not only as the means but the ends”

Question 3

hypothetical imperatives

Answer 3

an action is good as a means to some other good

Question 4

two ways of making moral decisions according to Kant

Answer 4

depends on the consequences it brings about
ex. consequentialism or utilitarianism, hypothetical imperative
OR
depends on certain rights and duties that may be independent of social consequences
ex. deontological ethics, categorical imperative

Question 5

examples of Kant

Answer 5

prostitution, surrogacy for hire, cookie jar, honest business practices, philanthropy

Question 6

key role in government according to Kant

Answer 6

harmonizing each individual’s freedom with that of everyone else; not affirming or endorsing one particular conception of happiness