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WINTER 2018-PATH0 > KAHOOT/Self Test Exam 1 > Flashcards

KAHOOT/Self Test Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

If an asthma patient is not treat what can happen

A

irreversible airway remodeling

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2
Q

A pt. with severe asthma and very thick secretion with mucous plugging can have what pathology

A

atelectasis

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3
Q

Name some things that can be associated with extrinsic asthma

A

animal dander mold

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4
Q

When an asthmatic patient has an early response followed by a late response to an allergen, this is known as:

A

Biphasic response

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5
Q

If an asthmatic patient is given a sympathomimetic and parasympatholytic medication, what can be expected to happen?

A

Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation

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6
Q

Pulsus paradoxus is present when:

A

Inspiratory systolic blood pressure >10 mm Hg less than during exhalation

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7
Q

You are assessing a patient in an acute asthma exacerbation. What would you expect to find? i. Inverse I:E ratio ii. ↓ vocal fremitus iii. ↑ vesicular breath sounds iv. Hyperresonance to percussion

A

ii, iv

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8
Q

You are performing pulmonary function testing on a patient with asthma complaining of increasing shortness of breath. Which of the following PFT findings might confirm what the patient is stating? i. ↓ tidal volume ii. ↓ FRC iii. ↑ RV iv. ↓ VC

A

iii, iv

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9
Q

A sputum sample from a suspected asthmatic patient has been sent to the laboratory for analysis. Which of the following findings would confirm the diagnosis?

A

↑ IgE level

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10
Q

Short-acting ß2 agonists are indicated for:

A

Relief of acute reversible airflow obstruction

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11
Q

Your patient is diagnosed with persistent asthma. Which type of drug would you recommend for maintenance bronchodilation and control of bronchospasm?

A

Long-acting adrenergic agent

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12
Q

Salmeterol is:

A

A long-acting ß-adrenergic agent

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13
Q

Long-acting ß2 agonists are indicated for:

A

Maintenance therapy for asthmatics

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14
Q

The bronchodilating action of adrenergic drugs is due to stimulation of:

A

ß2 receptors

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15
Q

ß1-receptor stimulation:

A

Increases heart rate and contractile force

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16
Q

You are reading a chest X-ray of a patient in the emergency department with an acute asthma exacerbation. What radiographic findings would you expect to observe? i. Depressed hemi-diaphragms ii. ↑ anterior-posterior diameter iii. Asymmetrical lung inflation iv. Translucent lung fields

A

i, ii, iv

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17
Q

Which of the following describes emphysema?

i. Is pathologically similar to chronic bronchitis
ii. Is pathologically similar to cystic fibrosis
iii. Promotes destruction of alveolar walls
iv. Promotes mucus plugging

A

i, iii

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18
Q

A genetically linked cause of pan lobular emphysema is:

A

Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency

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19
Q

Which of the following pathological causes will not lead to emphysema?

A

Exposure to asbestos fibers

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20
Q

Chronic bronchitis is characterized by: i. ↑ size of submucosal bronchial glands ii. Destruction of pulmonary capillaries iii. Chronic bronchial wall inflammation iv. Bronchospasm

A

i, iii, iv

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21
Q

Which of the following are anatomic alterations found with emphysema? i. Hyperinflation ii. Mucus plugs iii. ↓ surface area for gas exchange iv. Weakened distal airways

A

i, iii, iv

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22
Q

Most patients will begin to be affected by their symptoms and seek medical help at which COPD stage?

A

Stage II

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23
Q

A patient with emphysema will demonstrate which result for the diffusing capacity test (DLCO)?

A

↓

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24
Q

Which of the following symptoms may manifest in chronic bronchitis? i. Cyanosis ii. Green sputum iii. Cor pulmonale iv. Hypercarbia

A

i, ii, iii, iv

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25
Q

A Type A COPD patient would generally demonstrate which of the following?

a) Pulmonary hypertension
b) Cor pulmonale
c) Cyanosis
d) All of the above

A

All of the Above

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26
Q

Relaxation of smooth airway muscle in the presence of reversible airflow obstruction is a general indication for the use of:

A

Adrenergic bronchodilators

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27
Q

Disease states that could benefit from the use of adrenergic bronchodilators include which of the following? i. Asthma ii. Bronchitis iii. Emphysema iv. Bronchiectasis v. Pleural effusion

A

i, ii, iii, and iv only

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28
Q

Short-acting beta2 agonists are indicated for:

A

Relief of acute reversible airflow obstruction

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29
Q

Long-acting beta2 agonists are indicated for:

A

Maintenance therapy for asthmatics

30
Q

An anticholinergic that can be administered by aerosolization is:

A

Ipratropium bromide

31
Q

Atrovent is approved for:

A

Maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in COPD

32
Q

Combivent is a combination drug including which agents?

A

Albuterol and ipratropium

33
Q

Which of the following physiologic effects is not produced by xanthines?

A

Cerebral vasodilation

34
Q

True or False: COPD is more common in men than in women?

A

False

35
Q

What is the term for respiratory failure due to inadequate ventilation?

A

Hypercapneic

36
Q

Hypoxemia can be caused by: a) Diffusion defects b) Shunting c) Alveolar hypoventilation

A

All of the Above

37
Q

What happens to the P(A-a)O2 with V/Q mismatch and shunt?

A

Will increase with both

38
Q

Which of the following could differentiate acute from chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure?

A

Retaining bicarbonate to elevate the blood pH

39
Q

What is the primary problem in obstructive lung disease?

A

Increased airway resistance

40
Q

Which of the following is typically elevated in restrictive lung disease?

A

Pressure needed to expand the lung

41
Q

What causes the residual volume (RV) and functional residual capacity (FRC) to increase?

A

Chronic obstructive lung disease

42
Q

In which of the following conditions is total lung capacity (TLC) always reduced?

A

Restrictive lung disease

43
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for someone with mild asthma

a) Singular
b) Salbutamol
c) Methylprednisone
d) Tigger Avoidance

A

Methylprednisone

44
Q

How often is follow up after a patient has a medication change following loss of control

A

three months

45
Q

During which asthma treatment are sputum IgE levels monitored

A

Omalizumab

46
Q

Which asthma medication can cause oral thrust

A

Fluticasone

47
Q

Which FEV1 is associated with moderate persistent asthma severity

A

FEV1 60-80%

48
Q

Which medications can trigger asthma symptoms

a) NSAIDs
b) Acetaminophen
c) Beta blockers
d) Both a and c

A

Both A and C

49
Q

Which of the follow is characteristic of atopic asthma

a) Only type of asthma treated with salbutamol
b) Common trigger is animal dander

C) Onset occur in later life

A

common trigger is animal dander

50
Q

which condition does not commonly occur with asthma a)GERD

b) Nasal Polys
c) Migraines
d) Allergic Rhinitits

A

Migraines

51
Q

Which spirometry parameters is diagnostic of asthma

A

FEV1/FVC <70% and improvement in FEV1 230 mL post combivent

52
Q

What is one of the major features that differentiates asthma from COPD

A

reversibility of obstruction

53
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common manifestation of COPD

A

Schizophrenia

54
Q

Which of the following is not one of the 5 A to assist in smoking cessation

a) Ask
b) Advise
c) Assist
d) Alternate

A

Alternate

55
Q

What is the Gold Standard for COPD diagnosis

A

Spirometry

56
Q

Which spirometry characteristic are NOT common in COPD a) “Scooping” of the flow volume loop b) Obstruction is fully reversible with bronchodilator therapy c)FEV1 56% of predicted normal d)FEV1/FVC <70% of predicted normal

A

Obstruction is fully reversible with bronchodilator therapy

57
Q

What type emphysema most common in Alpha 1 Antitrypsin deficiency

A

Panalnar Emphysema

58
Q

Which of the follow is an example of LAMA respiratory medication

a) Salbutamol
b) Advair
c) Tiotropium
d) Formoterol

A

Tiotropium

59
Q

Pt in ER with COPD exacerbation ABD of 7.24 what is next step

A

intubate

60
Q

Theophylline

A

Relatively weak bronchodilator

61
Q

Which of the follow drugs cannot be administered by instillation a) Narcan b) Epinephrine c) Lidocane d)Labetalol

A

Labetalol

62
Q

What is the most common route of administration of ventolin

A

inhalation

63
Q

Which of the following is not common means of administering Nicotine Replacement Therapy

A

intramuscular

64
Q

What is Salbutamol’s mechanism of action

A

B2 (Beta 2) Agonists

65
Q

What respiratory medication has a quicker onset of action a) Ventolin b) Pulmicort

A

Ventolin

66
Q

Which of the following is a cause of extra pulmonary cause of restrictive lung disease

A

Kyphoscolosis

67
Q

Increased Dead Space Ventilation Occurs

a) When a factor increases zone 3 of the lung
b) With hypoventilation
c) With pulmonary embolism
d) With decreased inspired O2

A

With pulmonary embolism

68
Q

Type II Respiratory Failure also known as

A

hypercapnia Respiratory Failure Hypercarpic Respiratory Failrue

69
Q

What is true about Hypoxemia

A

A patient can have hypoxemia but not hypoxic

70
Q

Which of the follow measurement is cyanosis readily detectable

A

SpO2 75%

WINTER 2018-PATH0 (7 decks)

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