Kahoot questions

Question 1

What is the innermost layer of the GI tract?

Answer 1

Mucosa

GI

Question 2

What is the best test to detect gastroparesis?

Answer 2

Gastric emptying study

GI

Question 3

What type of achalasia has associated with the worst outcomes?

Answer 3

Type 3

GI

Question 4

What is the most effective nonsurgical tx for achalasia?

Answer 4

Pneumatic dilation

GI

Question 5

Normal LES pressure is?

Answer 5

29 mmHg

GI

Question 6

The descending colon and distal Gi tract are innervated by the:

Answer 6

hypogastric plexus

GI

Question 7

Which of the following describes an independent nervous system, which controls motility, secretions and blood flow?

Answer 7

Enteric nervous system

GI

Question 8

Which feature of the myenteric plexus controls motility?

Answer 8

Enteric neuron, interstitial cells of Cajal, smooth muscle cells.

GI

Question 9

Which of the following presents a major challenge in colonoscopy?

Answer 9

Dehydration

GI

Question 10

Which hormones play a role in gastric motility? (3)

Answer 10

Gastrin, gastric inhibitory peptide, motilin

GI

Question 11

Common cause of gastric ulcers include?

Answer 11

ETOH, H pylori, NSAIDS

GI

Question 12

Which of the following are beneficial preop interventions for Zollinger Ellison Syndrome?

Answer 12

Admin PPIs, correct electrolytes, RSI, suction and @ head of bed.

GI

Question 13

Symptoms associated with Chron’s disease include:

Answer 13

steatorrhea, malabsorption, ileocolitis

GI

Question 14

IBD tx include

Answer 14

steroids, 5-Acetylsalicylic acid, Rifaximin

GI

Question 15

Which drug should be given prior to resection of a carcinoid tumor?

Answer 15

Octreotide

GI

Question 16

There are six anterior pituitary hormones, they include

Answer 16

growth hormone, TSH, prolactin

Endo

Question 17

2 posterior pituitary hormones are:

Answer 17

ADH, oxytocin

Endo

Question 18

True or false: DI is characterized by excessive urine production.

Answer 18

TRUE

Endo

Question 19

A serum sodium less than 110 may result in ?

Answer 19

cerebral edema and seizures

Endo

Question 20

SIADH is inappropriate release of ADH seen with:

Answer 20

Cancer of lung
Hypothyroidism
Intracranial tumors
porphyria

Endo

Question 21

Treatment of SIADH includes

Answer 21

demeclocycline, hypertonic saline, fluid restriction, vasopressin-antagonists

Endo

Question 22

Anesthesia considerations associated with acromegaly include

Answer 22

soft tissue overgrowth, skeletal muscle weakness, vocal cord hypertrophy

Endo

Question 23

The 4 types of DM include:

Answer 23

Type 1: autoimmune, destruction of betal cells, random BG>200 mg/dL

Type 2: beta cell insufficiency or insulin resistance

Type 3: gestational DM

Metabolic syndrome: insulin resistance w/ HTN & dyslipidemia

Endo

Question 24

```

DM can result in which 3 types of comas:

Answer 24

• hyperglycemia hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (serum osmo > 320)
• hypoglycemic (BG < 50)
• DKA (high ketoacids and metabolic acidosis w hyperglycemia)

Endo

Question 25

T or F: DKA is more common in type 2 DM.

Answer 25

False ## Footnote Endo

Question 26

Tx of DKA includes (3 things):

Answer 26

aggressive isotonic rescusitations, insulin 0.1 units/kg/hr correct electrolytes ## Footnote Endo

Question 27

Hyperosmolor nonketotic coma has a mortality approaching 50%. Grave concerns w/ this type of coma include:

Answer 27

CV collapse due to extreme osmotic diuresis and CNS hyperosmolar dysfxn ## Footnote ENDO

Question 28

Symptoms of whipple’s triad strongly assoc w insulinoma include (3 things):

Answer 28

relief of sx w glucose, sx of hypoglycemia provoked by fasting, BG < 50mg/dL ## Footnote endo

Question 29

Normal daily release of cortisol is 20 mg/day; under stress this increases to __.

Answer 29

150 mg/day ## Footnote endo

Question 30

s/sx of cushing dx or hypercortisolism include (2):

Answer 30

emotional changes and hyperglycemia ## Footnote endo

Question 31

Addison’s dx aka adrenal insufficiency has two types:

Answer 31

Primary and secondary ## Footnote endo

Question 32

Name the four H’s of Addison disease

Answer 32

hypotension, hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ## Footnote endo

Question 33

Management goals for pts undergoing adrenalectomy include (2):

Answer 33

regulate HTN and control hyperglycemia ## Footnote endo

Question 34

Common causes of secondary HTN in middle-aged adults include:

Answer 34

Hyperthyroid, OSA ## Footnote HTN

Question 35

Drugs that increase BP as a side effect include:

Answer 35

NSAIDs, birth control pills, prednisone ## Footnote HTN

Question 36

Refractory HTN is

Answer 36

Uncontrolled BP on 5+ drugs ## Footnote HTN

Question 37

Dietary intake of which electrolytes is inversely related to HTN?

Answer 37

Calcium and potassium ## Footnote HTN

Question 38

Which of the following is the best antihypertension drug for induction?

Answer 38

Esmolol ## Footnote HTN

Question 39

Pulmonary arterial HTN is defined as a mPAP above:

Answer 39

20 ## Footnote HTN

Question 40

Pulmonary vasodilating drug classes for PAH include:

Answer 40

Prostanoids Endothelin receptor antagonists ## Footnote HTN

Question 41

A systemic to pulmonary shunt may cause PH in which form?

Answer 41

High-flow PH ## Footnote HTN

Question 42

3 Therapeutic effects of prostinoids include:

Answer 42

Anti-inflammatory Pulmonary vasodilation Anti-platelet aggregation ## Footnote HTN

Question 43

Which class of drug can prolong the action of nitric oxide?

Answer 43

Phosphodiesterase- 5 inhibitors ## Footnote HTN

Question 44

Physical symptoms of PAH include:

Answer 44

S3 gallop, JVD ## Footnote HTN

Question 45

The definitive test for PAH is

Answer 45

Right heart catheterization ## Footnote HTN

Question 46

What is the primary characteristic of systolic heart failure?

Answer 46

Decreased EF ## Footnote HF

Question 47

What symptoms are commonly associated with HF?

Answer 47

S3 gallop, dyspnea ## Footnote HF

Question 48

What cardiac pressure does the BNP level reflect?

Answer 48

LV **end- diastolic** wall stress ## Footnote HF

Question 49

What is the primary goal in cardiac resynchronization therapy in HF?

Answer 49

Improve CO ## Footnote HF

Question 50

Which lifestyle modifications are recommended for HF patients?

Answer 50

Stop smoking Aerobic fitness ## Footnote HF

Question 51

What is a potential complication in advanced HF?

Answer 51

Dysrhythmias ## Footnote HF

Question 52

What are the most effective treatment option for HFrEF?

Answer 52

Beta blocker ACE- inhibitors ## Footnote HF

Question 53

What are the primary diuretics recommended for HF according to ACC and ESC guidelines?

Answer 53

loop diuretics ## Footnote HF

Question 54

Which device prevents sudden cardiac death due to dysrythmias?

Answer 54

ICD ## Footnote HF

Question 55

What is the leading cause of de novo heart failure?

Answer 55

coronary artery occlusion ## Footnote HF

Question 56

What is the 1st line treatment for acute HF?

Answer 56

diuretics ## Footnote HF

Question 57

What is the effect of increasing cAMP on cardiac contractility?

Answer 57

Increased intracellular calcium Increased excitation- contraction coupling ## Footnote HF

Question 58

What is the effect of Nesiritide on intracardiac pressures?

Answer 58

decreased LVEDP ## Footnote HF

Question 59

What is the most appropriate balloon pump setting for a tachycardic heart failure patient? (inflation to heartbeat)

Answer 59

1:2 ## Footnote HF

Question 60

What are disadvantages of peripheral ventricular- assist devices?

Answer 60

hemolysis lower flow rates ## Footnote HF

Question 61

Which neurohormonal system plays a significant role in the progression of heart failure?

Answer 61

RAAS ## Footnote HF

Question 62

Which cardiac disorder is associated with Cor- Pulmonale?

Answer 62

RV failure ## Footnote HF

Question 63

What pathology is responsible for the majority of URI's?

Answer 63

Infectious nasopharyngitis ## Footnote Obstructive

Question 64

Which interventions can minimize the risk of laryngospasm in URI patients?

Answer 64

LMA, nebulized local anesthetic, oropharyngeal suctioning ## Footnote obstructive

Question 65

The main inflammatory mediators implicated in asthma include:

Answer 65

histamine, prostoglandin D2, leukotrienes ## Footnote obstructive

Question 66

Which spirometric value refers to the volume of air exhaled with max effort after deep inhalation?

Answer 66

FVC ## Footnote obstructive

Question 67

which spirometric value remains unchanged during an acute asthma attack?

Answer 67

Diffusing capacity for CO ## Footnote obstructive

Question 68

What mechanism stimulates tachypnea and hyperventilation during an asthma attack?

Answer 68

pulmonary neural reflexes ## Footnote obstructive

Question 69

At what level of FEV1, does the PaCO2 increase?

Answer 69

<25% ## Footnote obstructive

Question 70

Which 2 types of surgery are associated with a higher risk of bronchospasm?

Answer 70

Oncologic surgery Upper abdominal surgery ## Footnote obstructive

Question 71

which lung volume may be decreased in COPD?

Answer 71

VC ## Footnote obstructive

Question 72

which radiologic finding confirms a diagnosis of COPD?

Answer 72

Bullae ## Footnote obstructive

Question 73

Which disorder is associated with irreversible airway dilation, inflammation, and chronic bacterial infection?

Answer 73

bronchiectasis ## Footnote obstructive

Question 74

Which respiratory disorder is commonly associated with situs inversus?

Answer 74

primary ciliary dyskinesia ## Footnote obstructive