Ka1 Metabolic Pathways Flashcards
What is a metabolic pathway
Intergrated and controlled pathways of enzyme catalysed reactions within a cell
What are metabolic reactions
several stages of the conversion of one metabolite to another
Each step is controlled by particular enzyme
Each enzyme is controlled by a particular gene
What is metabolism
All of the thousands of chemical reactions that take place within a cell
What is a anabolic reactions
The build up or synthesis of small molecules to large ones
Requires energy
Eg gene expression
What is a catabolic reaction
The breakdown of large molecules to s ones
Releases energy
Eg aerobic respiration
What are th 3 types of pathways
Irreversible
Reversible
Alternative routes
What is a irreversible pathway
When the molecule is permanently changed
What is a reversible pathway
The molecule can be converted back into the original form
What is the 3 functions of membranes
Enzymes
Catalyse the reactions within the cell
Protein pores
Let only small proteins in
Pumps
Carry ions through the membrane
What is the induced fit model
When the shape of the active site changes to better fit the substrate after the substrate binds
What is enzyme specifically
Enzymes active site are complementary to a substrate
The enzyme and substrate have a high affinity for each other
What is the role of the active site
Binds to the substrate that have a high affinity
Reduces the activation energy of the reaction
Releases products with a low affinity for the active site
What factors affect the rate of reaction
Temperture
Ph
Enzyme concentraion
Product concentraion
Substrate concentration
What is a inhibitor
Substances that prevent enzyme activity
What is feedback inhibition
Occurs when the end product reaches a critical condition
This shuts down the whole pathway preventing the formation of additional end products
