JVP Flashcards
Why Jvp is used to know about Right atrial pressures?
Direct connection of internal jugular vein to RA
No valves
a,c,x,v,y waves represents what?
a wave - atrial contraction c wave - tricuspid bulging x wave - atrial relaxation v wave - venous filling y wave - atrial emptying
Give 2 descent?
A-x descent - atrial relaxation
V-y descent - atrial emptying
Which descent/ascent represents venous filling?
Y-a ascent
In Which condition a wave will be absent?
Atrial fibrillation
2 atrial pathologies which will cause giant a wave?
Tricuspid stenosis
Right atrial myxoma
2 ventricular pathologies causing giant a wave?
Pulmonary stenosis
Pulmonary hypertension
Give 3 conditions in which you see canon a wave?
Complete heart block
Junctional rhythm
AV association with ventricular tachycardia
Which condition can cause reversal of x wave?
Tricuspid regurgitation
What clinical conditions can convert a negative x wave to positive one?
Tricuspid regurgitation
Name 3 conditions that can accentuate x wave on JVP graph?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Constrictive pericarditis
Cardiac tamponade
Increased amplitude of V wave on JVP can can be due to?
Tricuspid regurgitation
What are the 3 types of abnormalities seen in y wave of JVP?
Early deep y wave
Deep y wave
Slow deep y wave
What pathology can lead to early deep y wave on JVP?
Tricuspid regurgitation
What pathology can lead to deep y wave?
Constrictive pericarditis
Name 2pathologies that can lead to slow deep y wave?
Tricuspid stenosis
Right atrial myxoma
What are the three type of abnormalities in a-x descent?
Accentuated
Reduced
Reversed
What pathologies can lead to accentuated a-x descent on JVP?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Constrictive pericarditis
Cardiac tamponade
What pathology can lead to reduce a-x descent?
Right ventricular dilation
Which pathology can cause reversal of a-x descent?
Tricuspid regurgitation
What are the abnormalities of v-y descent?
Accentuated-Tricuspid regurgitation and constrictive pericarditis
Reversed- tricuspid stenosis and right atrial myxoma
What all abnormalities can be found if patient has tricuspid regurgitation?
Reversed x wave Increased amplitude of v wave Early deep y wave Reversed a-x descent Accentuated v-y descent
What abnormalities of JVP can be seen if a patient has tricuspid stenosis or right atrial myxoma?
Slow deep y wave
Reduced v-y descents
What cardiac conditions can increase JVP?
Rights heart failure Tricuspid regurgitation Tricuspid stenosis Cardiac tamponade Constrictive pericarditis
What respiratory conditionscan cause increased JVP
COPD
Cor pulmonale
Name a condition in which there’s a non pulsatile increase in JVP?
Massive right sided pleural effusion
An iatrogenic cause of increased JVP
Excessive volume expanders
List all causes of decreased JVP
Hypovolemia
Shock
Adissons disease
Conditions in which you have positive hepatojugular reflex?
Incipient right heart failure Left heart failure Right ventricular infarction Right. Ventricular cardiomyopathy Constrictive pericarditis
