Cardiac Arrythmia

Question 1

Give 4 causes of arrhythmia

Answer 1

Ectopic beats
Supra ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular arrhythmia
Brady arrhythmia

Question 2

Give 2 types of ectopic beats

Answer 2

Premature atrial ectopic beat

Premature ventricular ectopic beat

Question 3

Give 3 conditions withsupra ventricular tachycardia?

Answer 3

Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Paraoxysmal SVT

Question 4

Given 2 conditions in ventricular arrhythmia?

Answer 4

Ventricular fibrillation

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 5

Give 3 conditions in brady arrhythmia?

Answer 5

Sinus pause or sinus arrests
Sinus bradycardia
Sinoatrial exit block

Question 6

What is normal time span of QRS complex?

Answer 6

70-100msec

Question 7

Give 2 types of tachycardia

Answer 7

Narrow QRS complex (normal qrs complex)

Wide qrs complex (>120 sec)

Question 8

Give 2 conditions in AV node dependent narrow QRS complex

Answer 8

AV node re-enterant tachycardia

Atrio ventricular re-enteranttachycardia

Question 9

Give 4 conditions in av node independent narrow QRS tachycardia

Answer 9

Atrial fibrillation
Atrial tachycardia
Atrial flutter
Sinus node re-enterant tachycardia

Question 10

What type of pulse do you see in atrial fibrillation

Answer 10

Irregularly irregular

Question 11

Name 3 conditions that experience after binge alcohol sessions

Answer 11

Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular premature contracture (VPC)

Question 12

What is the most common type of arrhythmia you see in patients after binge alcohol consumption?

Answer 12

Atrial fibrillation

Question 13

What syndrome does patients encouafter binge alcohol season

Answer 13

Holiday heart syndrome

Question 14

Most common cardiac problems due to chronic alcoholism?

Answer 14

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 15

Name all the cardiovascular etiology of atrial fibrillation?

Answer 15

RHD 
Non rheumatic mitral valve path
Myocarditis 
Pericarditis 
Congenital heart lesions (ASD)
Coronary artery disease 
Chronic hypertension 
Cardiomyopathy

Question 16

Give all non cardiovascular etiology of atrial fibrillation?

Answer 16

Pheochromocytoma
Hyperthyroidism 
Binge alcohol
Pulmonary emboli causing ectopic beats 
Hypoxia 
Emotional stress
Post surgery and exercise

Question 17

Define pulse deficit?

Answer 17

Difference between heart rate and pulse rate

Question 18

What is pulse deficit in normal individuals?

Answer 18

Zero

Question 19

What is pulse deficit in patients with atrial fibrillation?

Answer 19

More than 10/minute

Question 20

What is pulse deficit in patients with ventricular ectopia

Answer 20

Less than 10/minute

Question 21

Most common drug toxicity causing bradycardia in patients on atrial fibrillation treatment

Answer 21

Digitalis toxicity

Question 22

What is auscultation findings in patients with atrial fibrillation

Answer 22

S1 is variable

Question 23

ECG findings in atrial fibrillation?

Answer 23

Variable ventricular rate
No p wave
QRS complex >120 sec
No isoelectric baseline
Irregularly irregular rhythm

Question 24

Most common type of arrhythmia is ICU patients

Answer 24

Atrial fibrillation

Question 25

Does atrial fibrillation have risk of cardiovascular emboli strokes

Answer 25

Yes, due to clotting of blood because of weak atrial contractions

Question 26

What is new scoring system for stroke and anti coagulation treatment?

Answer 26

``` CHA2DS2-VAS CHF-1 HTN-1 AGE>75-2 DM-1 HISTORY OF STROKE-2 VASCULAR DISEASE-1 AGE>65-1 Female sex-1 ```

Question 27

Treatment as per CHA2DS2-VAS system

Answer 27

Score 0- aspirin or no treatment Score 1-aspirin or anticoagulants Score=/>2- only anticoagulant

Question 28

Name anticoagulants given in atrial fibrillation

Answer 28

``` Warfarin Acenocoumarin Dabigatron Apixaban Rivaroxaban ```