JVIM - More Flashcards
what two CSF parameters are elevated in recumbent dairy cattle with spinal cord lesions
protein concentrations
TNCC
in horses with septic pleuropneumonia, what marker was negatively associated with survival
increased CK at presentation
in horses with septic pleuropneumonia, what is the most common isolate
strep zoo
in horses with septic pleuropneumonia, what sample is more sensitive for bacterial growth:
tracheal aspirate or pleural fluid
tracheal aspirate
in horses with septic pleuropneumonia, what treatment is positively associated with survival and thus recommended?
thoracotomy
most significant factor associated with NE in calved
orientation in the birth canal (dystocia)
overall survival for calves with NE
good 77%
Fanconi syndrome
- cause of amino-acid-uria
- one case reported in cattle
- confirmed by LC-HRMS scan of urine
-clinical signs of growth retardation, wasting, and persistent diarrhea - hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypochloremia
- glycosuria, proteinuria, and acidic pH
- mild tubular necrosis with proteinaceous casts in the lumina of renal tubules
Approximately ___% of the tested brain samples from
cattle with nonsuppurative encephalitis of undetermined etiology were positive for BoAstV CH13/NeuroS1
25
Clinical signs of bovine astrovirus
decreased awareness of surroundings
cranial nerve dysfunction
recumbency
somatostatin analog that suppresses insulin secretion
octreotide
diarrheic calves have ___ odds of having coronavirus than healthy calves?
how can you detect it?
Odds ratio 2.15 - higher odds
PanCoV-RT-PCR testing
struvite appearing uroliths are often
amorphous magnesium calcium phosphate
pure and compound AMCP uroliths
- common in animals less than 3 years of age
- visually indistinguishable from struvite
- not visible radiographically
what increases the odds of calcium carbonate uroliths in small ruminants
increasing age
which significantly inhibits airway hypersensitivity and hyperactivity in horses with IAD?
dex or fluticasone?
both
-no effect remains 3 weeks after discontinuation
IBH is associated with airway hyperactivity and what other parameter?
PaO2
the OST is truly measuring
beta cell response
decreased insulin sensitivity = increased beta cell response = postprandial hyperinsulinemia
the cows most likely to have poor colostrum (<50g/L Gg) are who?
those starting their second lactation
higher parity = better
best fluids for resuscitation of hyperkalemic calves with diarrhea
8.4% NaHCO3, 6.4mL/kg over 5 minutes
[7-ketocholesterol], [7-hydroxycholesterol], and [7-keto-27-hydrocholesterol]
targeted markers of cholesterol oxidation were
significantly increased in the spinal cord of horses with eNAD/EDM
antemortem diagnostic test for eNAD/EDM
NONE
MYH1 mutation is associated with ER how
not with the occurrence of ER itself, but with atrophy after ER
MYH1 mutation is associated with nonER how?
always - regardless of whether muscle atrophy or lymphocytic infiltrates are present
Investor JVIM 2018 found that __% of racehorses had mild asthma?
And what factor was the most important?
80%
RESPIRABLE dust exposure - <4um
listeria shedding is highest when
spring
BG cut off for neuroglycopenia
< 42mg/dL
mean 2.5mg/dL
Down cows are two times more likely to survive if CSF values are
TNCC > 4.5 cell/uL
TP > 0.39 g/L
*** specificity around 20%, sensitivity around 90%
survival odds for this blocked goat:
Intact, young, normal body condition, presented early in the course of disease
good
survival odds for this blocked goat:
increased ck, creat, PCV, poor clinical condition upon presentation, obese, castrated, and evidence of uroperitoneum
bad
CHD decreased what lamellar inflammatory mediators
IL-6, COX-2, and neutrophil numbers
Oral Sodium Iodide may be able to inhibit which BRD pathogens
BHV-1, PI3, m. hemolytica
NOT BVDV
the 4 most important enteropathogens associated with neonatal calf diarrhea
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F5
rota- and coronavirus
Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum)
biomarker for enterocytenmass and absorptive function in various intestinal diseases
citrulline
the only substrate for synthesis of NO
arginine
CIT and ARG play a key role in detoxifying ?
ammonia in the urea cycle
How are CIT and ARG affected in calves with D+?
lower
How are NO and ammonia affected in calves with D+?
higher
Serum concentration of:
SP-D > 43 ng/mL
haptoglobin >5730 ng/mL
SCGB <19 ng/mL
allowed differentiation of horses with what from what????
neutrophilic asthma from horses of the control groups (healthy
and pathologic)
Specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 45%
which formulation is most effective to treat hypokalemia in dairy cows for over 12 hours?
potassium chloride bolus (release over 12 hours)
potassium propionate gel (release over 2 hours)
potassium chloride solution (immediately available)
all 3 are equally effective
which supplement will affect the concentrations of potassium in
the erythrocytes and in the muscle, renal potassium excretion, and total urine volume
potassium chloride bolus (release over 12 hours)
potassium propionate gel (release over 2 hours)
potassium chloride solution (immediately available)
none
what blood value at admission = 6X less likely to survive hospitalization
ACTH > 30
